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Andrew Weaver – Grantee Submission, 2023
This study explores whether teacher reports of executive functions predict change in reading performance (i.e., reading development) for elementary-aged students when controlling for direct assessments of executive functions and for teacher reports of students' literacy skills. Prior research has raised problems with the construct validity of…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Reading Achievement, Reading Skills, Elementary School Students
Lora Henderson Smith; Jessika H. Bottiani; Joseph M. Kush; Catherine P. Bradshaw – Grantee Submission, 2023
Disparities in exclusionary discipline practices are well-documented; however, variation in Black students' disciplinary experiences across different racial and ethnic school compositions remains understudied. Utilizing a state-wide dataset (N = 769,050 students in J = 1296 schools), we examined student- and school-level factors that contribute to…
Descriptors: Discipline, Racism, Racial Differences, African American Students
Eric Grodsky; Catherine Doren; Koit Hung; Chandra Muller; John Robert Warren – Grantee Submission, 2021
We ask whether patterns of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic stratification in educational attainment are amplified or attenuated when we take a longer view of educational careers. We propose a model of "staged advantage" to understand how educational inequalities evolve over the life course. Distinct from cumulative advantage, staged…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Background, Sociocultural Patterns, Social Stratification, Advantaged
Tua Karing, Jasmine; Tracy, Alexis; Gonzales, Christopher R.; Nancarrow, Alexandra F.; Tomayko, Emily J.; Tominey, Shauna; Escobar, Hannah; McClelland, Megan M. – Grantee Submission, 2021
Objectives: The importance of breastfeeding exposure and children's development of self-regulation, independently, are well established. Each of these domains also has been linked to better cognitive development and academic achievement in children. However, little is known about how breastfeeding affects development of early self-regulation…
Descriptors: Infants, Nutrition, Child Development, Correlation
Karrie A. Shogren; LaRon A. Scott; Tyler A. Hicks; Sheida K. Raley; Mayumi Hagiwara; Jesse R. Pace; Daria Gerasimova; Abdulaziz Alsaeed; Jessie C. Kiblen – Grantee Submission, 2021
Opportunities and experiences for all students, including students with intellectual and developmental disabilities, to build self-determination abilities and skills is critical to enable positive postsecondary outcomes (e.g., competitive and integrated employment, community access participation). However, racially and ethnically marginalized…
Descriptors: Self Determination, Minority Group Students, Racial Differences, Ethnicity
Waasdorp, Tracy Evian; Fu, Rui; Clary, Laura K.; Bradshaw, Catherine P. – Grantee Submission, 2022
Bullying bystanders' reactions are important for either stopping or perpetuating bullying behaviors. Given school-based bullying programs' focus on bystanders, understanding the associations between school-level factors and individual bystander responses can improve intervention efficacy. Data from 64,670 adolescents were used to examine bullying…
Descriptors: Educational Environment, Bullying, Middle School Students, High School Students
Jonathan D. Schweig; Andrew McEachin; Megan Kuhfeld; Lou Mariano; Melissa Diliberti – Grantee Submission, 2022
As students return to in-person instruction in the 2021-2022 school year, local education agencies (LEAs) must develop resource allocation strategies to support schools in need. Federal programs have provided resources to support restart and recovery. However, there is little consensus on how LEAs can target resources to support those schools most…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Resource Allocation, Educational Needs
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LaTanya L. Dixon; Suzanne M. Digger; Hsien-Yuan Hsu – Grantee Submission, 2020
Without a better understanding of what contributes to racial/ethnic and gender underrepresentation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, many U.S. citizens likely will not be able to take full advantage of the socioeconomic affordances of STEM occupations. Additionally, the increasingly diverse nation will have a STEM…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Racial Differences, Ethnicity, Disproportionate Representation
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Gao, Yannan; Dicke, Anna-Lena; Safavian, Nayssan; Eccles, Jacquelynne – Grantee Submission, 2020
Additional to the lack of gender and ethnic diversity, the attrition rate among Physics and Engineering undergraduates is as high as 40%. Considering the impact of STEM gateway course on students' choice of major, we investigated the association between students' Expectancy-Value beliefs at the beginning of the class with their intent to persist…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Physics, Science Education, Engineering Education
Smith, Tyler E.; Reinke, Wendy M.; Herman, Keith C.; Huang, Francis – Grantee Submission, 2019
Although family-school engagement is important across child and adolescent development, most research, programs, and policies have focused primarily on elementary students and contexts. The current study extends beyond elementary settings by exploring the unique and shared contributions of developmental context on family-school engagement (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Family School Relationship, Family Involvement, Elementary Schools, Middle Schools
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Larson, Kristine E.; Bottiani, Jessika H.; Pas, Elise T.; Kush, Joseph M.; Bradshaw, Catherine P. – Grantee Submission, 2019
Excessive use of exclusionary school discipline with Black students is a persistent, systemic problem in U.S. schools with potential to affect students' perceptions of their school. For example, students may notice racial differences in out-of-school suspensions, which may relate to how academically engaged they feel and the extent to which they…
Descriptors: Discipline, Disproportionate Representation, African American Students, Learner Engagement
Dawn P. Witherspoon; Emily M. May; Ashley McDonald; Saskia Boggs; Mayra Bámaca-Colbert – Grantee Submission, 2019
The intersection of SES and race-ethnicity impact youth development at the family and neighborhood levels. The confluence of neighborhood structural and social characteristics intersects to impact parenting multiple ways. Within lower-income neighborhoods, there is variability in economic and racial-ethnic demographics and social characteristics…
Descriptors: Socioeconomic Status, Racial Differences, Ethnicity, African Americans
Balyan, Renu; Crossley, Scott A.; Brown, William, III; Karter, Andrew J.; McNamara, Danielle S.; Liu, Jennifer Y.; Lyles, Courtney R.; Schillinger, Dean – Grantee Submission, 2019
Limited health literacy is a barrier to optimal healthcare delivery and outcomes. Current measures requiring patients to self-report limitations are time-consuming and may be considered intrusive by some. This makes widespread classification of patient health literacy challenging. The objective of this study was to develop and validate…
Descriptors: Patients, Literacy, Health Services, Profiles
Borman, Geoffrey D.; Rozek, Christopher S.; Pyne, Jaymes; Hanselman, Paul – Grantee Submission, 2019
The period of early adolescence is characterized by dramatic changes, simultaneously affecting physiological, psychological, social, and cognitive development. The physical transition from elementary to middle school can exacerbate the stress and adversity experienced during this critical life stage. Middle school students often struggle to find…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Middle School Students, Grade 6, Intervention