Swapping visual perspective in virtual reality (VR) provides a unique means for embodying different virtual bodies and for self-distancing. Moreover, this technology is a powerful tool for experiential learning and for simulating realistic scenarios, with broad potential in the training of soft skills. However, there is scarce knowledge on how…

Extended reality (XR) is a general term for virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). By converting abstract digital expressions into intelligent feedback through figures, one can effectively compensate for the poor performance of traditional learning in deep cognitive processing and operational skills training.…

Automotive engine assembly and disassembly are common and crucial programs in the automotive industry. Traditional education trains students to learn automotive engine assembly and disassembly in lecture courses and then to operate with physical engines, which are generally low effectiveness and high cost. In this article, we developed a…

For the offshore energy industry, virtual environment technology can enhance conventional training by teaching basic offshore safety protocols such as onboard familiarization and emergency evacuation. Virtual environments have the added benefit of being used to investigate the impact of different training approaches on competence. This pilot study…

Existing research on spatial ability recognizes the critical role played by spatial visualization and mental rotation. Recent evidence suggests that external visualization and manipulation can boost spatial thinking. The virtual environment provides an exciting opportunity so that many spatial ability training tasks based on reading printed…

There are a large number of Chinese Kung Fu enthusiasts worldwide. Offline learning has been the primary method for teaching and learning Chinese Kung Fu due to the inability of online 2-D videos to convey spatial information and provide feedback. To address the issues of the high cost of offline teaching, fixed perspectives in 2-D videos, lack of…

Multiple studies have examined learning and training for autistic students to improve their quality of life by using eXtended-Reality (XR) technologies, which mainly include virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR). Nevertheless, little is known about how technical features and technology affordances of the XR…

Decision-making plays an essential role in basketball offense. Offensive players must make effective decisions to score a basket in various defensive situations. Virtual reality (VR) has been widely used in the training of athletes to strengthen their ability to make optimal decisions by creating controllable repeatable training scenarios. In this…

In this article, state of the art on virtual reality (VR) for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with a focus on training/targeted intervention is discussed and reflected upon to explore areas for more future benefits. We present advantages of VR for individuals with ASD. We identify challenges and design issues for future training…

Virtual reality (VR) experiences are receiving increasing attention in education and training. Some VR setups can deliver immersive VR training (e.g., on multiple projected screens), while others can deliver nonimmersive VR training (e.g., on standard desktop monitors). Recently, consumer VR headsets make it possible to deliver immersive VR…