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Direct linkJennifer J. Phillips; Cheyenne A. Williams; John H. Hunter; Martha Ann Bell – Infant and Child Development, 2024
Measures of parasympathetic regulation, such as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), predict executive function outcomes, including inhibitory control, across childhood. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia augmentation tends to be associated with more maladaptive outcomes, compared to RSA suppression, but the literature regarding RSA profiles and…
Descriptors: Infants, Preschool Children, Mothers, Parent Child Relationship
Broomell, Alleyne P. R.; Smith, Cynthia L.; Calkins, Susan D.; Bell, Martha Ann – Infant and Child Development, 2020
The relation between maternal behavior and neurocognitive development is complex and may depend on the task context. We examined 5-month-old infant frontal electroencephalogram (EEG), maternal intrusiveness (MI) evaluated during two play contexts at 5 and 10 months, and a battery of executive function (EF) tasks completed at 48 months to evaluate…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Child Relationship, Infants, Executive Function
Wang, Yi; Zhang, Liwei; Zhai, Fuhua – Infant and Child Development, 2023
Spanking and parental verbal aggression are potentially toxic stressors that can negatively affect children's academic achievement by disrupting mental skills like executive function. Yet little empirical evidence has been provided for this mediating pathway. This study used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort of…
Descriptors: Punishment, Negative Reinforcement, Verbal Communication, Aggression
Eason, Sarah H.; Ramani, Geetha B. – Infant and Child Development, 2017
Cognitive aspects of children's executive function (EF) were examined as moderators of the effectiveness of parental guidance on children's learning. Thirty-two 5-year-old children and their parents were observed during joint problem-solving. Forms of guidance geared towards cognitive assistance were coded as directive or elaborative, and…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Planning, Problem Solving, Executive Function
Marcovitch, Stuart; Clearfield, Melissa W.; Swingler, Margaret; Calkins, Susan D.; Bell, Martha Ann – Infant and Child Development, 2016
In the first year of life, the ability to search for hidden objects is an indicator of object permanence and, when multiple locations are involved, executive function (i.e. inhibition, cognitive flexibility and working memory). The current study was designed to examine attentional predictors of search in 5-month-old infants (as measured by the…
Descriptors: Infants, Attention Control, Puppetry, Performance
Lengua, Liliana J.; Zalewski, Maureen; Fisher, Phil; Moran, Lyndsey – Infant and Child Development, 2013
The effects of low income on children's adjustment might be accounted for by disruptions to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis activity and to the development of effortful control. Using longitudinal data and a community sample of preschool-age children (N?=?306, 36-39?months) and their mothers, recruited to over-represent low-income…
Descriptors: Longitudinal Studies, Family Income, Physiology, Preschool Children
Hughes, Claire – Infant and Child Development, 2011
This review of 20 years of developmental research on Executive Functions (EF) offers a broad-brushstroke picture that touches on multiple issues including: (i) findings from typical and atypical groups, from infancy to adolescence; (ii) advances in assessment tools and in statistical analysis; (iii) the interplay between EF and other cognitive…
Descriptors: Research, Child Development, Executive Function, Individual Differences
