The Purpose: Despite a large number of studies in online learning, limited studies have focused on language learners' metacognition, motivation, and self-efficacy beliefs in the online learning setting. This study attempts to fill this gap by evaluating how the three factors impact learners' English learning achievement in online learning…

Learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) is a lengthy, demanding, and challenging process, which requires learners' L2 grit relating to their perseverance of effort and consistency of interest. Motivated by the growing body of research on L2 grit over the past few years, this study examined the role of perceived teacher support and learning…

There remains a dearth of research on the effects of student perception of teacher happiness and the ramifications of those perceptions on student feelings and attitudes. Using an online questionnaire, data were collected from 129 adult students of ESL/EFL across the world who were enrolled in formal English classes of intermediate to advanced…

The present study aims to explore the relationships between the variables -- experience abroad, self-efficacy, and self-perceived proficiency -- and the self-concept in the L2 Motivational System and identify which of these variables contribute more to its explanation. Research data on 197 Korean university students majoring in English related…

'Grit' has been identified as an important predictor of success in a number of academic and non-academic domains (Duckworth, A. L., C. Peterson, M. D. Matthews, and D. R. Kelly. 2007. "Grit: Perseverance and Passion for Long-Term Goals." "Journal of Personality and Social Psychology" 92: 1087-1101.…

This study employed a large-scale cross-sectional survey (n = 443) to develop and validate second language (L2) regulatory styles [Noels et al. 2000. "Why are You Learning a Second Language? Motivational Orientations and Self-Determination Theory." "Language Learning" 50 (1): 57-85] in the sample of successful English learners…

Universities in the EFL context aim to foster graduates who can use English in the workplace. Regardless, university students' insufficient amount of out-of-class study time is a major issue. This problem may stem from learners' lack of learning skills, low levels of learning motivation, and high levels of academic procrastination. Self-coaching…

The past decade has witnessed a plethora of research in teaching second language reading, and how to teach with efficiency has gradually gained ground in the field of Second Language Acquisition. Even though empirical studies have revealed that there is a positive correlation between students' learning motivation and learning outcome for effective…

This paper describes a two-month longitudinal study in which five secondary education students learning English as a foreign language at school will be interviewed in order to analyse how their motivation varies during this period and what variables affect their motivational changes. The emphasis will thus be on motivation's dynamicity and…

Despite the plethora of literature examining higher education students' motivation to learn a second language, it is not known if students who choose to study English as their major differ from those who are required to study English as the minor component of their wider degree. Drawing on self-determination theory, this paper reports on the…

As the construct of agency has generated considerable discussion among language educators recently and has become a buzz word, there is a need for it to be further conceptualized and operationalized in autonomy research. Drawing on Margaret Archer's theorization of "internal conversation," this paper theorizes language learners' agency…

Researchers, especially in the field of educational psychology, have argued that self-efficacy plays an important role in self-regulated learning. As such, teaching of self-regulated learning often focuses on enhancing self-efficacy. However, few studies have examined how the process of self-regulated learning might lead to the enhancement of…