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Rau, Martina A. – Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2018
To learn content knowledge in science, technology, engineering, and math domains, students need to make connections among visual representations. This article considers two kinds of connection-making skills: (1) "sense-making skills" that allow students to verbally explain mappings among representations and (2) "perceptual…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Learning Processes, Chemistry, Visual Aids
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Leopold, Claudia; Doerner, Marcel; Leutner, Detlev; Dutke, Stephan – Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2015
In two experiments, we compared effects of instructions that encourage learners to create referential connections between words and pictures with instructions that distract learners from creating referential connections. In Experiment 1, students read a scientific text under four conditions. In the text-picture condition, students read the…
Descriptors: Instructional Effectiveness, Learning Processes, Learning Strategies, Educational Experiments
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Hoogerheide, Vincent; Loyens, Sofie M. M.; van Gog, Tamara – Instructional Science: An International Journal of the Learning Sciences, 2016
Online learning from video modeling examples, in which a human model demonstrates and explains how to perform a learning task, is an effective instructional method that is increasingly used nowadays. However, model characteristics such as gender tend to differ across videos, and the model-observer similarity hypothesis suggests that such…
Descriptors: Video Technology, Modeling (Psychology), Electronic Learning, Gender Differences