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Barnes, G. Michael – Intelligence, 1978
Creativity, intelligence, and problem-solving tasks that varied in the explicitness of problem definition and in the format for an acceptable solution were administered to 100 college students. Two hypotheses that distinguished between concepts of creative and intelligent problem-solving were presented, and syntactical and strategic distinctions…
Descriptors: Convergent Thinking, Creativity, Divergent Thinking, Factor Structure

Lim, Tock Keng – Intelligence, 1994
Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test first- and second-order factor models on cognitive abilities and their invariance across samples of 234 male and 225 female secondary school students. Factor models suggest that males and females may use different problem-solving strategies for spatial analogies, matrices, and numerical problems. (SLD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Factor Analysis, Factor Structure, Females