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Soyoof, Ali – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
This study explored factors that have influenced Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' willingness to communicate (WTC) in an extramural digital (ED) context, an ever-increasing second language (L2) communication context. To this end, the researcher interviewed 50 Iranian secondary school language learners. Having used thematic…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Secondary School Students, Second Language Learning, English (Second Language)
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Hsu, Mei-Hua; Chen, Pei-Shih; Yu, Chi-Shun – Interactive Learning Environments, 2023
Many learners of English as a foreign language often feel that learning spoken English is frustrating and quite difficult, especially when they have to talk to English-speaking foreigners. In general, because they are unfamiliar with the spoken mode of English and are worried about making grammatical errors, they often feel very scared to speak…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Artificial Intelligence, Computer Software, English (Second Language)
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Chen, Chih-Ming; Wang, Jung-Ying; Chen, Yong-Ting; Wu, Jhih-Hao – Interactive Learning Environments, 2016
To reduce effectively the reading anxiety of learners while reading English articles, a C4.5 decision tree, a widely used data mining technique, was used to develop a personalized reading anxiety prediction model (PRAPM) based on individual learners' reading annotation behavior in a collaborative digital reading annotation system (CDRAS). In…
Descriptors: Reading Strategies, Prediction, Models, Quasiexperimental Design