This study developed a video playing system that incorporated two signaling devices, headings and table of contents, for supporting video learning and navigation. An experiment was conducted for understanding the effects of the system on learning and navigation performance of the immediate and delayed tests. Thirty participants were randomly…

This study investigated the influence of cognitive support for learning computer-based tasks using animated demonstration (AD) on instructional efficiency. Cognitive support included (1) segmentation and learner control introducing interactive devices that allow content sequencing through a navigational menu, and content pacing through stop and…