Cameras may be viewed as an essential tool in online synchronous classes. They may give a sense of connectedness between the students and faculty. In fact, social presence is considered a vital factor in distance education. In our study, we examine faculty's perception of accepted reasons for students to turn off their cameras and perceived…

One of the phenomena that lecturers who switched to online distance learning during COVID-19 reported is the refusal of students to turn on their cameras during online classes. This study aimed to examine the factors that predict the opening of cameras in class. The study examined this issue regarding three types of predictors: resistance factors,…

Technological advances and COVID-19 have led to expedited technology use and online learning in higher education. Increased technology use and online learning have led individuals to either adapt or experience technostress. Higher education is a ripe context for technostress to occur, especially for students, since many courses are being offered…

COVID-19 led college and university faculty to quickly shift courses online. With this shift came concerns regarding educational quality; thus, many faculty opted or were encouraged to offer synchronous and/or hybrid online courses in Fall 2020 and Spring 2021. This led faculty to consider relying on webcams to engage students. Anecdotal and…

This article examines the degrees of collaborative language learning that were supported in cyber face-to-face interaction. The concept of "cyber face-to-face" is used here to encapsulate the kind of environment in which a combination of real-time oral/aural, visual, and text-based interaction happens simultaneously via the various…

This paper reports on a naturalistic study of peer-to-peer learning, in a live, online video meeting context. Over a six-month period a group of international students of animation attended 99 live, online "study group" events amounting to around 120 hours of live "broadcast meeting time". Some meetings were very large, with up to 34 participants,…