In this study, we report on a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) for the application of technology acceptance models to Moodle under the prism of latent variable modeling. Based on an automatic search including primary studies from journals, conferences, and book chapters during 2001 to 2019, 41 primary were selected. We aim to contribute to a better understanding of how research has been conducted in this field by identifying research trends and gaps. Moreover, we assessed the reported statistical processes and quantitatively summarized the main findings achieved so far. We found that this is a research topic with an increasing interest today, where most of the reported experiences extend the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), focus on college students from several programs, come from Europe or Asia, and are published as articles of journals with different impact factors. Overall, studies presented important issues regarding how the statistical analysis was conducted, specially regarding pre- and post-analysis stages. Furthermore, a large number of hypotheses has been tested with a predominance of those from original models. Some research opportunities were also identified and discussed.