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Sanjana Ravi; Andrew E. Molnar Jr.; Emilia F. Cárdenas; Autumn Kujawa; Kathryn L. Humphreys – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2025
Children prenatally exposed to opioids exhibit impairments in cognitive functioning and have an increased likelihood of experiencing other forms of adversity. Given that these other forms of early life adversity are linked to lower levels of cognitive functioning, it is important to determine whether the association between opioid exposure and…
Descriptors: Drug Use, Prenatal Influences, Preschool Children, Early Experience

Carlson, Dimity B.; And Others – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1986
Reports on a longitudinal study of cognitive and motor development among infants born to adolescent and adult mothers when race, parity, socioeconomic status and prenatal care were controlled and home environment evaluated. (HOD)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Cognitive Development, Comparative Analysis, Early Parenthood