This study investigated upper elementary teachers' framings of their students' mathematical thinking in written across the three component skills of noticing. Drawing on a situated perspective, the research examines the influences of teachers' culturalhistorical backgrounds, attitudes, dispositions, interactions with students, and other situated…

In the present study, we illuminate students' multiplicative reasoning in the context of their units-coordinating activity. Of particular interest is to investigate students' use of three levels of units as given material for problem-solving activity, which we regard as supporting a more advanced level of multiplicative reasoning. Among 13 middle…

Mathematical coherence is a goal within the Common Core State Standards for Mathematics. One aspect of this coherence is how student mathematical thinking is developed across concepts. Unfortunately, mathematics is often taught as isolated ideas across grades. The multiplicative field is an area of study that needs to be examined as a space to…