Using effective models for continuing teacher and school leader education in developing countries is essential for long-term improvement of the education system and student outcomes. Instructional leadership approaches have been used to capacity-build school leaders, improving leader skills in working with teachers on classroom practices and also…

In the nursing profession it is necessary for a nurse to engage in continuing education to keep up to date. In Lebanon efforts to establish such continuing education are being made. However, a cross-sectional study conducted on a representative sample of 254 nurses found that 60 per cent attend an insufficient number of continuing education…