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Incomplete Gestation Has an Impact on Cognitive Abilities in Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Brayette, Maëva; Saliba, Elie; Malvy, Joëlle; Blanc, Romuald; Ponson, Laura; Tripi, Gabriele; Roux, Sylvie; Bonnet-Brilhault, Frédérique – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
Extreme prematurity is known as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the association between prematurity and ASD, for children born moderately and late preterm (MLPT) and those born early term (ET), is less established. This retrospective study aimed to characterize the phenotypic characteristics (i.e. behavioral profile and…
Descriptors: Premature Infants, At Risk Persons, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Gender Differences during Toddlerhood in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Prospective Community-Based Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
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Lawson, Lauren P.; Joshi, Rucha; Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Relatively few studies have examined gender differences in infants and toddlers, and most focus on clinically referred samples or high-risk infant cohorts. The current study aimed to examine gender differences in early autism manifestations and cognitive development in a community-ascertained sample. In total, 46 males and 21 females with ASD were…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Toddlers, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
No Sex Differences in Cognitive Ability in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Duvall, Susanne W.; Huang-Storms, Lark; Presmanes Hill, Alison; Myers, Julianne; Fombonne, Eric – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Inconsistent findings regarding sex differences in cognition have been found in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study evaluated sex differences in cognitive-developmental functioning in a large clinical sample of young children diagnosed with ASD. The sample included children 18-68 months of age who received the Mullen Scales of…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Toddlers
School Age Outcomes of Children Diagnosed Early and Later with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Clark, Megan Louise Erin; Vinen, Zoe; Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Early diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder is considered best practice, increasing access to early intervention. Yet, many children are diagnosed after 3-years. The current study investigated the school age outcomes of children who received an early and later diagnosis of ASD. The cognitive and behavioural outcomes of children diagnosed early (n…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Early Intervention, Disability Identification
Continuity and Change in Cognition and Autism Severity from Toddlerhood to School Age
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Clark, Megan L. E.; Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
This paper charted the cognitive and behavioural profiles from toddlerhood to middle childhood in 48 children diagnosed with ASD at 24 months. The Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) was administered at 24- and 48-months and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) at school age. Autism severity was derived using The Autism…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Toddlers, Children
Evaluating Sex and Age Differences in ADI-R and ADOS Scores in a Large European Multi-Site Sample of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
Brief Report: Is Cognitive Rehabilitation Needed in Verbal Adults with Autism? Insights from Initial Enrollment in a Trial of Cognitive Enhancement Therapy
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Eack, Shaun M.; Bahorik, Amber L.; Hogarty, Susan S.; Greenwald, Deborah P.; Litschge, Maralee Y.; Mazefsky, Carla A.; Minshew, Nancy J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Cognitive rehabilitation is an emerging set of potentially effective interventions for the treatment of autism spectrum disorder, yet the applicability of these approaches for "high functioning" adults who have normative levels of intelligence remains unexplored. This study examined the initial cognitive performance characteristics of 40…
Descriptors: Adults, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Cognitive Ability
Theory of Mind and Executive Function in Preschoolers with Typical Development versus Intellectually Able Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Kimhi, Yael; Shoam-Kugelmas, Dana; Agam Ben-Artzi, Galit; Ben-Moshe, Inbal; Bauminger-Zviely, Nirit – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties in theory of mind (ToM) and executive function (EF), which may be linked because one domain (EF) affects the other (ToM). Group differences (ASD vs. typical development) were examined in both cognitive domains, as well as EF's associations and regressions with ToM. Participants…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Theory of Mind
Sex Differences in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Identified within a High-Risk Infant Cohort
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Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Bryson, Susan E.; Szatmari, Peter; Brian, Jessica; Smith, Isabel M.; Roberts, Wendy; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Roncadin, Caroline – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Sex differences were examined in 3-year-olds with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ascertained from a high-risk cohort, and high- and low-risk comparison groups. Participants included 319 high-risk siblings and 129 low-risk controls. Eighty-five siblings were diagnosed with ASD, including 57 of 176 boys (32.4%) and 28 of 143 girls (19.6%), implying…
Descriptors: Females, Autism, Males, Siblings
Brief Report: Visuospatial Analysis and Self-Rated Autistic-Like Traits
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Grinter, Emma J.; Van Beek, Pia L.; Maybery, Murray T.; Badcock, David R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
Although there is good evidence that the behavioral traits of autism extend in lesser form to the general population, there has been limited investigation of whether cognitive features of the disorder also accompany these milder traits. This study investigated whether the superiority in visuospatial analysis established for individuals with autism…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Autism, Scoring, Cognitive Development
Theory of Mind in Williams Syndrome Assessed Using a Nonverbal Task
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Porter, Melanie A.; Coltheart, Max; Langdon, Robyn – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
This study examined Theory of Mind in Williams syndrome (WS) and in normal chronological age-matched and mental age-matched control groups, using a picture sequencing task. This task assesses understanding of pretence, intention and false belief, while controlling for social-script knowledge and physical cause-and-effect reasoning. The task was…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Mental Age, Age, Neuropsychology
Early Social, Imitation, Play, and Language Abilities of Young Non-Autistic Siblings of Children with Autism
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Toth, Karen; Dawson, Geraldine; Meltzoff, Andrew N.; Greenson, Jessica; Fein, Deborah – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Studies are needed to better understand the broad autism phenotype in young siblings of children with autism. Cognitive, adaptive, social, imitation, play, and language abilities were examined in 42 non-autistic siblings and 20 toddlers with no family history of autism, ages 18-27 months. Siblings, as a group, were below average in expressive…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Cognitive Ability, Interpersonal Competence, Social Development
A Normed Study of Face Recognition in Autism and Related Disorders.
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Klin, Ami; Sparrow, Sara S.; de Bildt, Annelies; Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Cohen, Donald J.; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999
This study used a well-normed task of face recognition with 102 young children with autism, pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) not otherwise specified, and non-PDD disorders (mental retardation and language disorders) matched for chronological age and either verbal or nonverbal mental age. Autistic subjects exhibited pronounced deficits in…
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Nonverbal Learning, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Brief Report: Application of the TEACCH Program on Chinese Pre-School Children with Autism--Does Culture Make a Difference?
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Tsang, Sandra K. M.; Shek, Daniel T. l.; Lam, Lorinda L.; Tang, Florence L. Y.; Cheung, Penita M. P. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
A longitudinal study was conducted on 34 children with autism to evaluate the usefulness of the Treatment and Education of Autistic and related Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH) program for Chinese pre-school children in Hong Kong. Eighteen children received full-time center-based TEACCH program training. The control group included 16…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Autism, Longitudinal Studies, Children
Brief Report: Comparison of Sensory-Motor and Cognitive Function between Autism and Asperger Syndrome in Preschool Children.
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Iwanaga, Ryoichiro; Kawasaki, Chisato; Tsuchida, Reiko – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
This study examined differences in sensory-motor, cognitive, and verbal impairment between 10 Japanese preschool children with Asperger Syndrome (AS) 10 children with high functioning autism (HFA) using the Japanese version of the Miller Assessment for Preschoolers. AS children surpassed HFA children in verbal skills but HFA children were better…
Descriptors: Asperger Syndrome, Autism, Child Development, Cognitive Development
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