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No Sex Differences in Cognitive Ability in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Duvall, Susanne W.; Huang-Storms, Lark; Presmanes Hill, Alison; Myers, Julianne; Fombonne, Eric – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Inconsistent findings regarding sex differences in cognition have been found in people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study evaluated sex differences in cognitive-developmental functioning in a large clinical sample of young children diagnosed with ASD. The sample included children 18-68 months of age who received the Mullen Scales of…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Toddlers
Developmental and Functional Outcomes amongst Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Autistic Children
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Zehra Al Fahdawi; Cheryl Dissanayake; Ifrah Abdullahi; The Victorian ASELCC Team – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2025
Children typically learn by attending to other people. Autism traits may impact access to social stimuli fundamental to early learning, increasing children's likelihood of a learning disability. Recent reports have highlighted that Autistic children from minority backgrounds have a higher likelihood of co-occurring intellectual disability. This…
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Child Development, Cultural Differences
Brief Report: Longitudinal Trajectory of Working Memory in School-Aged Children on the Autism Spectrum: Period of High Plasticity and "Late Bloomers"
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Sohyun An Kim; Connie Kasari – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2025
While working memory (WM) is a powerful predictor for children's school outcomes, autistic children are more likely to experience delays. This study compared autistic children and their neurotypical peers' WM development over their elementary school years, including relative growth and period of plasticity. Using a nationally-representative…
Descriptors: Elementary School Students, Autism Spectrum Disorders, Students with Disabilities, Student Development
Evaluating Sex and Age Differences in ADI-R and ADOS Scores in a Large European Multi-Site Sample of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Tillmann, J.; Ashwood, K.; Absoud, M.; Bölte, S.; Bonnet-Brilhault, F.; Buitelaar, J. K.; Calderoni, S.; Calvo, R.; Canal-Bedia, R.; Canitano, R.; De Bildt, A.; Gomot, M.; Hoekstra, P. J.; Kaale, A.; McConachie, H.; Murphy, D. G.; Narzisi, A.; Oosterling, I.; Pejovic-Milovancevic, M.; Persico, A. M.; Puig, O.; Roeyers, H.; Rommelse, N.; Sacco, R.; Scandurra, V.; Stanfield, A. C.; Zander, E.; Charman, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Research on sex-related differences in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been impeded by small samples. We pooled 28 datasets from 18 sites across nine European countries to examine sex differences in the ASD phenotype on the ADI-R (376 females, 1763 males) and ADOS (233 females, 1187 males). On the ADI-R, early childhood restricted and…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Age Differences, Diagnostic Tests, Observation
Gender Differences during Toddlerhood in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Prospective Community-Based Longitudinal Follow-Up Study
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Lawson, Lauren P.; Joshi, Rucha; Barbaro, Josephine; Dissanayake, Cheryl – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Relatively few studies have examined gender differences in infants and toddlers, and most focus on clinically referred samples or high-risk infant cohorts. The current study aimed to examine gender differences in early autism manifestations and cognitive development in a community-ascertained sample. In total, 46 males and 21 females with ASD were…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Toddlers, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Reactive Aggression among Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Kaartinen, Miia; Puura, Kaija; Helminen, Mika; Salmelin, Raili; Pelkonen, Erja; Juujärvi, Petri – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Twenty-seven boys and eight girls with ASD and thirty-five controls matched for gender, age and total score intelligence were studied to ascertain whether boys and girls with ASD display stronger reactive aggression than boys and girls without ASD. Participants performed a computerized version of the Pulkkinen aggression machine that examines the…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Gender Differences, Aggression
Executive Function Mechanisms of Theory of Mind
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Ahmed, Fayeza S.; Miller, L. Stephen – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2011
This study examined the relationship between Executive Function (EF) and Theory of Mind (ToM) using the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) and three tests of ToM (Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (RMET), Strange Stories test, and Faux Pas test). Separate regression analyses were conducted, and EF predictors varied by ToM test. No EF…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Cognitive Processes, Regression (Statistics), Correlation
Sex Differences in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Identified within a High-Risk Infant Cohort
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Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie; Bryson, Susan E.; Szatmari, Peter; Brian, Jessica; Smith, Isabel M.; Roberts, Wendy; Vaillancourt, Tracy; Roncadin, Caroline – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Sex differences were examined in 3-year-olds with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) ascertained from a high-risk cohort, and high- and low-risk comparison groups. Participants included 319 high-risk siblings and 129 low-risk controls. Eighty-five siblings were diagnosed with ASD, including 57 of 176 boys (32.4%) and 28 of 143 girls (19.6%), implying…
Descriptors: Females, Autism, Males, Siblings
Developmental Trajectories in Siblings of Children with Autism: Cognition and Language from 4 Months to 7 Years
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Gamliel, Ifat; Yirmiya, Nurit; Jaffe, Dena H.; Manor, Orly; Sigman, Marian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
We compared the cognitive and language development at 4, 14, 24, 36, 54 months, and 7 years of siblings of children with autism (SIBS-A) to that of siblings of children with typical development (SIBS-TD) using growth curve analyses. At 7 years, 40% of the SIBS-A, compared to 16% of SIBS-TD, were identified with cognitive, language and/or academic…
Descriptors: Siblings, Autism, Language Acquisition, Cognitive Development
Brief Report: Eye Direction Detection Improves with Development in Autism
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Webster, Simon; Potter, Douglas D. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
Eye direction detection has been claimed to be intact in autism, but the development of this skill has not been investigated. Eleven children with autism and 11 typically developing children performed a demanding face-to-face eye direction detection task. Younger children with autism demonstrated a deficit in this skill, relative to younger…
Descriptors: Autism, Cognitive Development, Eye Movements, Children
Comparison of Cognitive Deficits among Autistic and Retarded Children on the Arthur Adaptation of the Leiter International Performance Scales.
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Maltz, Andrew – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1981
The results showed that the performance of the autistic children was better than the other two groups on concrete discrimination tasks, was poorer than the other two groups on formal discrimination tasks, and the quality of the autistic children's performance decreased as task requirements for formal discrimination increased. (Author/SB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Autism, Cognitive Development, Discrimination Learning
The Development of Siblings' Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorders.
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Glasberg, Beth A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
Sixty-three siblings (and their parents) of individuals with autism or related disorders were interviewed to determine their cognitive sophistication about autism. Although children's reasoning became more mature with age, it tended to develop at a delayed rate compared to norms for illness concepts. Parents tended to overestimate their child's…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Autism, Cognitive Development, Concept Formation
The Development of Young Siblings of Children with Autism from 4 to 54 Months
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Gamliel, Ifat; Yirmiya, Nurit; Sigman, Marian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Cognitive and language skills of 39 siblings of children with autism (SIBS-A) and 39 siblings of typically developing children (SIBS-TD) at ages 4, 14, 24, 36, and 54 months were compared. Twelve of the 39 SIBS-A revealed a delay in cognition and/or language (including one child diagnosed with autism) compared to only two SIBS-TD. Developmental…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Siblings, Language Aptitude, Expressive Language
Affect Comprehension in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders.
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Braverman, Mark; And Others – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1989
The study of affect comprehension in 15 children with pervasive developmental disorders (ages 7-10) and normal children matched for mental age found that the disabled children were impaired on affect matching compared to the controls and were impaired on face and affect matching relative to their own performance on object matching. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Comprehension
Brief Report: Cognitive Estimation in Individuals with Pervasive Developmental Disorders.
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Liss, Miriam; Fein, Deborah; Bullard, Sarah; Robins, Diana – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000
A study involving 18 individuals with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) (ages 9-21) and 67 controls found total score on the Biber Cognitive Estimation Test for both individuals with PDD and controls progressed consistently with mental age, development being the most dramatic around the mental age of 8 years. (Contains references.)…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Ability