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DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor across Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Siu, Michelle T.; Goodman, Sarah J.; Yellan, Isaac; Butcher, Darci T.; Jangjoo, Maryam; Grafodatskaya, Daria; Rajendram, Rageen; Lou, Youliang; Zhang, Rujun; Zhao, Chunhua; Nicolson, Rob; Georgiades, Stelios; Szatmari, Peter; Scherer, Stephen W.; Roberts, Wendy; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Weksberg, Rosanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, "OXTR," in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Biochemistry
Maternal Interactive Behaviours in Parenting Children with Williams Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relations with Emotional/Behavioural Problems
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Baptista, Joana; Sampaio, Adriana; Fachada, Inês; Osório, Ana; Mesquita, Ana R.; Garayzabal, Elena; Duque, Frederico; Oliveira, Guiomar; Soares, Isabel – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
This study compared maternal responsiveness to children with two neurodevelopmental disorders sharing different but, in some cases, overlapping social phenotypes--Williams syndrome (WS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD)--and explored the relations between maternal responsiveness and child emotional/behavioural problems (EBP). The sample included…
Descriptors: Mothers, Mother Attitudes, Child Rearing, Preschool Children
Investigation of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Autistic Traits in an Adolescent Sample with Anorexia Nervosa
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Postorino, Valentina; Scahill, Lawrence; De Peppo, Lavinia; Fatta, Laura Maria; Zanna, Valeria; Castiglioni, Maria Chiara; Gillespie, Scott; Vicari, Stefano; Mazzone, Luigi – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2017
This study aimed to examine the presence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in a sample of female adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) during the acute phase of illness. We also compare the level of autistic traits, social perception skills and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in four groups: AN, ASD, and two gender- and age-matched control groups.…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Eating Disorders, Correlation
Heavy Metal in Children's Tooth Enamel: Related to Autism and Disruptive Behaviors?
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Abdullah, Maryam M.; Ly, Agnes R.; Goldberg, Wendy A.; Clarke-Stewart, K. Alison; Dudgeon, John V.; Mull, Christopher G.; Chan, Tony J.; Kent, Erin E.; Mason, Andrew Z.; Ericson, Jonathon E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
To examine possible links between neurotoxicant exposure and neuropsychological disorders and child behavior, relative concentrations of lead, mercury, and manganese were examined in prenatal and postnatal enamel regions of deciduous teeth from children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), high levels of disruptive behavior (HDB), and typically…
Descriptors: Autism, Child Behavior, Metallurgy, Hazardous Materials
Brief Report: Altered Horizontal Binding of Single Dots to Coherent Motion in Autism
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David, Nicole; Rose, Michael; Schneider, Till R.; Vogeley, Kai; Engel, Andreas K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2010
Individuals with autism often show a fragmented way of perceiving their environment, suggesting a disorder of information integration, possibly due to disrupted communication between brain areas. We investigated thirteen individuals with high-functioning autism (HFA) and thirteen healthy controls using the metastable motion quartet, a stimulus…
Descriptors: Autism, Brain, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Behavior Disorders
Autism Symptoms in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Familial Trait which Correlates with Conduct, Oppositional Defiant, Language and Motor Disorders
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Mulligan, Aisling; Anney, Richard J. L; O'Regan, Myra; Chen, Wai; Butler, Louise; Fitzgerald, Michael; Buitelaar, Jan; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Rothenberger, Aribert; Minderaa, Ruud; Nijmeijer, Judith; Hoekstra, Pieter J.; Oades, Robert D.; Roeyers, Herbert; Buschgens, Cathelijne; Christiansen, Hanna; Franke, Barbara; Gabriels, Isabel; Hartman, Catharina; Kuntsi, Jonna; Marco, Rafaela; Meidad, Sheera; Mueller, Ueli; Psychogiou, Lamprini; Rommelse, Nanda; Thompson, Margaret; Uebel, Henrik; Banaschewski, Tobias; Ebstein, Richard; Eisenberg, Jacques; Manor, Iris; Miranda, Ana; Mulas, Fernando; Sergeant, Joseph; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Asherson, Phil; Faraone, Stephen V.; Gill, Michael – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
It is hypothesised that autism symptoms are present in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), are familial and index subtypes of ADHD. Autism symptoms were compared in 821 ADHD probands, 1050 siblings and 149 controls. Shared familiality of autism symptoms and ADHD was calculated using DeFries-Fulker analysis. Autism symptoms were higher…
Descriptors: Siblings, Autism, Hyperactivity, Attention Deficit Disorders
Oppositional Defiant and Conduct Disorder Behaviors in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder with and without Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder versus Several Comparison Samples
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Guttmann-Steinmetz, Sarit; Gadow, Kenneth D.; DeVincent, Carla J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
We compared disruptive behaviors in boys with either autism spectrum disorder (ASD) plus ADHD (n = 74), chronic multiple tic disorder plus ADHD (n = 47), ADHD Only (n = 59), or ASD Only (n = 107). Children were evaluated with parent and teacher versions of the Child Symptom Inventory-4 including parent- (n = 168) and teacher-rated (n = 173)…
Descriptors: Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Comparative Analysis
Repetitive Behaviour in Children with High Functioning Autism and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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Zandt, Fiona; Prior, Margot; Kyrios, Michael – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and children with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) were compared on a range of repetitive behaviours. Parents reported similar levels of sameness behaviour and repetitive movements in the clinical groups, although children with OCD engaged in more repetitive behaviour focussed around routines and…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior, Children
Temporal Coordination of Joint Attention Behavior in Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Warreyn, Petra; Roeyers, Herbert; Van Wetswinkel, Ulla; De Groote, Isabel – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
The current study investigated initiating and following declarative joint attention, and initiating requesting joint attention in a group of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and an age-matched control group. Different forms of joint attention were elicited while children interacted with their mothers. Temporal coordination of…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Control Groups, Autism, Comparative Analysis
Comparing Rates of Psychiatric and Behavior Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults with Severe Intellectual Disability with and without Autism
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Bradley, Elspeth A.; Summers, Jane A.; Wood, Hayley L.; Bryson, Susan E. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2004
Eight males and four females with an Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) diagnosis of autism (mean age of 16.3 years) and severe intellectual disability (IQ < 40) were individually matched to controls on the basis of chronological age, gender, and nonverbal IQ. The dependent measure was the Diagnostic Assessment for the Severely…
Descriptors: Behavior Disorders, Adolescents, Young Adults, Autism
ADHD Symptom Subtypes in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorder
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Gadow, Kenneth D.; DeVincent, Carla J.; Pomeroy, John – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2006
Objective: Compares DSM-IV ADHD subtypes in large samples of 3-to-5 and 6-to-12 year old children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) vs. nonPDD clinic referrals. Method: Parents and teachers completed a DSM-IV-referenced rating scale. Results: ADHD subtypes were clearly differentiated from the nonADHD group and showed a differential…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
Abnormal Visual Event-Related Potentials of Autistic Children.
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Verbaten, M. N. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1991
The visual event-related potentials and concurrently measured fixation times of 20 nonretarded autistic children (ages 5-15) were compared with those of normal children, "externalizers," and "internalizers." Autistic children had smaller P3 waves compared to normal controls. No intergroup differences were found in…
Descriptors: Autism, Behavior Disorders, Comparative Analysis, Elementary Secondary Education