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Antipsychotic Medication and Risk of Incident Seizure in People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Analyses with Cohort and within Individual Study Designs
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Alfageh, Basmah H.; Besag, Frank M. C.; Gao, Le; Ma, Tian-Tian; Man, Kenneth K. C.; Wong, Ian C. K.; Brauer, Ruth – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2022
There are many case reports of seizures apparently associated with the prescription of antipsychotics. This study aimed to examine whether there is an association between the prescription of antipsychotics and incident seizures in individuals with autism spectrum disorder using retrospective data based on patients' chart review. A cohort study was…
Descriptors: Seizures, Drug Therapy, Correlation, Autism Spectrum Disorders
Brief Report: Regional Variations in Characteristics of ASD Hospitalizations in the U.S.
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Zhang, Wanqing; Eshghi, Marziye – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
Regional differences in ASD inpatient care remain understudied. We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to examine contributory causes and potential determinants associated with regional variations in ASD hospitalizations. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify differences in ASD hospitalizations across four U.S. Census…
Descriptors: Hospitals, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Census Figures
Social Cognition in Autism and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: The Same but Different?
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Boada, L.; Lahera, G.; Pina-Camacho, L.; Merchán-Naranjo, J.; Díaz-Caneja, C. M.; Bellón, J. M.; Ruiz-Vargas, J. M.; Parellada, M. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2020
Social cognition impairment is a core shared phenotype in both schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This study compares social cognition performance through four different instruments in a sample of 147 individuals with ASD or SSD and in healthy controls. We found that both clinical groups perform similarly…
Descriptors: Social Cognition, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Comparative Analysis
DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor across Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Siu, Michelle T.; Goodman, Sarah J.; Yellan, Isaac; Butcher, Darci T.; Jangjoo, Maryam; Grafodatskaya, Daria; Rajendram, Rageen; Lou, Youliang; Zhang, Rujun; Zhao, Chunhua; Nicolson, Rob; Georgiades, Stelios; Szatmari, Peter; Scherer, Stephen W.; Roberts, Wendy; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Weksberg, Rosanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, "OXTR," in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Biochemistry
Problem Behaviors in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Association with Verbal Ability and Adapting/Coping Skills
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Williams, Diane L.; Siegel, Matthew; Mazefsky, Carla A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Data from the Autism Inpatient Collection was used to examine the relationship between problem behaviors and verbal ability, which have generally, though not universally, been highly associated. In a comparison of 169 minimally-verbal and 177 fluently-verbal 4 to 20-year-old psychiatric inpatients with ASD, the severity of self-injurious behavior,…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Patients
Sleep Problems and Their Relationship to Maladaptive Behavior Severity in Psychiatrically Hospitalized Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
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Sannar, Elise M.; Palka, Tamara; Beresford, Carol; Peura, Christine; Kaplan, Desmond; Verdi, Mary; Siegel, Matthew; Kaplan, Shir; Grados, Marco – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
We examined the relationship between sleep duration and awakenings to Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community (ABC-C) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) scores in hospitalized youth with ASD and behavioral disturbance. Participants included 106 patients with a stay of at least 10 nights. Sleep in the hospital was recorded by staff…
Descriptors: Sleep, Correlation, Behavior Problems, Severity (of Disability)
Brief Report: Clusters and Trajectories across the Autism and/or ADHD Spectrum
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LaBianca, S.; Pagsberg, A. K.; Jakobsen, K. D.; Demur, A. B.; Bartalan, M.; LaBianca, J.; Werge, T. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur and show high genetic correlation. With the introduction of DSM-5, there is a new concept of an ASD and/or ADHD spectrum (ASD/ADHD). This study aimed to identify predictors of severity and need of healthcare within this spectrum. 39 families with…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Correlation
Potentially Reversible Social Deficits among Transgender Youth
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Turban, Jack L. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Recently, there has been increased attention to a putative relationship between Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and gender dysphoria, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) diagnosis for those whose gender assigned at birth does not match their gender identity. Studies have shown an over-representation of ASD…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Competence, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Maternal Psychiatric Disorder and the Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder or Intellectual Disability in Subsequent Offspring
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Fairthorne, Jenny; Hammond, Geoff; Bourke, Jenny; de Klerk, Nick; Leonard, Helen – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Psychiatric disorders are more common in the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or intellectual disability (ID) after the birth of their child. We aimed to assess the relationship between women's psychiatric contacts and subsequent offspring with ASD/ID. We linked three Western Australian registers to investigate pre-existing…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Intellectual Disability, Mental Disorders
Validation of Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnoses in Large Healthcare Systems with Electronic Medical Records
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Coleman, Karen J.; Lutsky, Marta A.; Yau, Vincent; Qian, Yinge; Pomichowski, Magdalena E.; Crawford, Phillip M.; Lynch, Frances L.; Madden, Jeanne M.; Owen-Smith, Ashli; Pearson, John A.; Pearson, Kathryn A.; Rusinak, Donna; Quinn, Virginia P.; Croen, Lisa A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2015
To identify factors associated with valid Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnoses from electronic sources in large healthcare systems. We examined 1,272 charts from ASD diagnosed youth <18 years old. Expert reviewers classified diagnoses as confirmed, probable, possible, ruled out, or not enough information. A total of 845 were classified with…
Descriptors: Validity, Clinical Diagnosis, Autism, Classification
Brief Report: CANTAB Performance and Brain Structure in Pediatric Patients with Asperger Syndrome
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Kaufmann, Liane; Zotter, Sibylle; Pixner, Silvia; Starke, Marc; Haberlandt, Edda; Steinmayr-Gensluckner, Maria; Egger, Karl; Schocke, Michael; Weiss, Elisabeth M.; Marksteiner, Josef – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
By merging neuropsychological (CANTAB/Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery) and structural brain imaging data (voxel-based-morphometry) the present study sought to identify the neurocognitive correlates of executive functions in individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS) compared to healthy controls. Results disclosed subtle group…
Descriptors: Brain, Neurology, Autism, Asperger Syndrome
Use of Dysmorphology for Subgroup Classification on Autism Spectrum Disorder in Chinese Children
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Wong, Virginia C. N.; Fung, Cecilia K. Y.; Wong, Polly T. Y. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Data from 1,261 Chinese Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) patients were evaluated and categorized into dysmorphic (10.79%) and non-dysmorphic groups (89.21%) upon physical examination by the presence of dysmorphic features. Abnormal MRI/CT result, IQ scores and epilepsy were significantly associated with the dysmorphic group of ASD children.…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Classification
Brief Report: No Association between Premorbid Adjustment in Adult-Onset Schizophrenia and Genetic Variation in Dysbindin
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Schirmbeck, Frederike; Georgi, Alexander; Strohmaier, Jana; Schmael, Christine; Boesshenz, Katja V.; Muhleisen, Thomas W.; Herms, Stefan; Hoffmann, Per; Jamra, Rami Abou; Schumacher, Johannes; Maier, Wolfgang; Propping, Peter; Nothen, Markus M.; Cichon, Sven; Rietschel, Marcella; Schulze, Thomas G. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
Whereas "Dysbindin" is considered a schizophrenia vulnerability gene, there is no consistency of findings. Phenotype refinement approaches may help to increase the genetic homogeneity and thus reconcile conflicting results. Premorbid adjustment (PMA) has been suggested to aid the phenotypic dissection. Gornick et al. ("J Autism Dev…
Descriptors: Schizophrenia, Patients, Genetics, Foreign Countries