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College Students' Evaluations and Reasoning about Exclusion of Students with Autism and Learning Disability: Context and Goals May Matter More than Contact
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Bottema-Beutel, Kristen; Kim, So Yoon; Miele, David B. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2019
This study used mixed-effects logistic regression to examine undergraduates' (N = 142) evaluations and reasoning about scenarios involving disability-based exclusion. Scenarios varied by disability [autism spectrum disorder (ASD) versus learning disability (LD)], the context of exclusion (classroom versus social), and whether or not a grade was at…
Descriptors: Undergraduate Students, Student Attitudes, Autism, Learning Disabilities
DNA Methylation of the Oxytocin Receptor across Neurodevelopmental Disorders
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Siu, Michelle T.; Goodman, Sarah J.; Yellan, Isaac; Butcher, Darci T.; Jangjoo, Maryam; Grafodatskaya, Daria; Rajendram, Rageen; Lou, Youliang; Zhang, Rujun; Zhao, Chunhua; Nicolson, Rob; Georgiades, Stelios; Szatmari, Peter; Scherer, Stephen W.; Roberts, Wendy; Anagnostou, Evdokia; Weksberg, Rosanna – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Many neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) share common learning and behavioural impairments, as well as features such as dysregulation of the oxytocin hormone. Here, we examined DNA methylation (DNAm) in the 1st intron of the oxytocin receptor gene, "OXTR," in patients with autism spectrum (ASD), attention deficit and hyperactivity (ADHD)…
Descriptors: Genetics, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Biochemistry
Brief Report: Imaginative Drawing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Learning Disabilities
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Allen, Melissa L.; Craig, Eleanore – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2016
Here we examine imaginative drawing abilities in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and learning disabilities (LD) under several conditions: spontaneous production, with use of a template, and combining two real entities to form an "unreal" entity. Sixteen children in each group, matched on mental and chronological age, were…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Freehand Drawing, Imagination
Using Discrete Trial Training to Identify Specific Learning Impairments in Boys with Fragile X Syndrome
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Hall, Scott S.; Hustyi, Kristin M.; Hammond, Jennifer L.; Hirt, Melissa; Reiss, Allan L. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
We examined whether "discrete trial training" (DTT) could be used to identify learning impairments in mathematical reasoning in boys with fragile X syndrome (FXS). Boys with FXS, aged 10-23 years, and age and IQ-matched controls, were trained to match fractions to pie-charts and pie-charts to decimals either on a computer or with a…
Descriptors: Learning Disabilities, Mathematical Logic, Males, Genetic Disorders
Comparison among Children with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Nonverbal Learning Disorder and Typically Developing Children on Measures of Executive Functioning
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Semrud-Clikeman, Margaret; Fine, Jodene Goldenring; Bledsoe, Jesse – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
It has been suggested that children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) or Asperger's Syndrome (AS) may show difficulties with executive functioning. There were 3 groups in this study who completed a neuropsychological battery of visual-spatial, executive functioning, and reasoning tasks; AS (n = 37), NLD (n = 31), and controls…
Descriptors: Comparative Analysis, Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism
Learning Curve Analyses in Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Are Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Truly Visual Learners?
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Erdodi, Laszlo; Lajiness-O'Neill, Renee; Schmitt, Thomas A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Visual and auditory verbal learning using a selective reminding format was studied in a mixed clinical sample of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n = 42), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 83), velocardiofacial syndrome (n = 17) and neurotypicals (n = 38) using the Test of Memory and Learning to (1) more thoroughly…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Verbal Learning, Autism, Visual Learning
Prevalence and Correlates of Screen-Based Media Use among Youths with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Mazurek, Micah O.; Shattuck, Paul T.; Wagner, Mary; Cooper, Benjamin P. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
Anecdotal reports indicate that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are often preoccupied with television, computers, and video games (screen-based media). However, few studies have examined this issue. The current study examined screen-based media use among a large, nationally representative sample of youths participating in the…
Descriptors: Video Games, Autism, Learning Disabilities, Mental Retardation
Counting Abilities in Autism: Possible Implications for Central Coherence Theory.
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Jarrold, Christopher; Russell, James – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1997
Time taken to count stimuli was compared among three groups each composed of 22 elementary-aged children (with autism, with moderate learning difficulties, and normally developing). Results suggest that children with autism showed a tendency toward an analytic level of processing. While groups differed on measures of counting speeds, children…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis