The study describes the latest recommended and adopted clinical and management practice for children and adults with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in Russia and discusses the most recent research work by Russian clinicians and neuroscientists in the field. The study also presents data from the first epidemiological studies on ASD prevalence and explores the latest recommendations for clinical-biological assessments for ASD diagnosis and management in Russia. The authors call for collaboration of experts in ASD field to exchange clinical and research ideas between professionals from Russia and Western European countries and expand our mutual knowledge about ASD. This should include clinical and neurobiological studies aiming to develop differential rational approaches for ASD individual management throughout lifespan of these affected individuals.