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Arnett, Anne Bernard; MacDonald, Beatriz; Pennington, Bruce F. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Previous research on the etiology of ADHD symptoms suggests that neuropsychological differences may be present as early as birth; however, the diagnosis is typically not given until school age. This study aimed to (a) identify early behavioral and cognitive markers of later significant parent and/or teacher ratings of ADHD…
Descriptors: Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Effect Size, Neuropsychology
Manian, Nanmathi; Bornstein, Marc H. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2009
Background: Emotion regulation (ER) has been conceptualized as an ongoing process of the individual's emotion patterns in relation to moment-to-moment contextual demands. In contrast to traditional approaches of descriptively quantizing ER, we employed a dynamic approach to ER by examining key transitions in infants of clinically depressed and…
Descriptors: Intervals, Mothers, Clinical Diagnosis, Infants

Crittenden, Patricia M. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 1985
Offers evidence supporting a model of bidirectional effects: the mother initiates maltreatment, but both mother and infant sustain the situation by their behaviors. Maltreated infants did not differ from controls in congenital characteristics, but displayed deviance in learned behavior patterns. Infants showed behavioral improvement after…
Descriptors: Attachment Behavior, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems, Child Abuse
Van Hulle, C. A.; Lemery-Chalfant, K.; Goldsmith, H. H. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Background: Relatively little is known about the genetic architecture of childhood behavioral disorders in very young children. Method: In this study, parents completed the Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment, a questionnaire that assesses symptoms of childhood disorders, as well as socio-emotional competencies, for 822 twin pairs…
Descriptors: Twins, Behavior Disorders, Toddlers, Infants
Kaffman, Arie; Meaney, Michael J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Parental care plays an important role in the emotional and cognitive development of the offspring. Children who have been exposed to abuse or neglect are more likely to develop numerous psychopathologies, while good parent-infant bonding is associated with improved resiliency to stress. Similar observations have also been reported in non-human…
Descriptors: Parent Child Relationship, Genetics, Brain, Cognitive Development