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Thompson, Brittany N.; Goldstein, Thalia R. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Pretend play is an important, universal activity of early childhood, but research to date contains multiple inconsistencies in definitions and measurement of pretend play. To begin to resolve this issue, we conducted a first study of the multiple different behaviors of pretend play in the preschool years (3-5 years), and investigated their…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Play, Behavior Patterns, Child Development
Brandone, Amanda C.; Stout, Wyntre – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2023
A growing body of literature has established longitudinal associations between key social cognitive capacities emerging in infancy and children's subsequent theory of mind. However, existing work is limited by modest sample sizes, narrow infant measures, and theory of mind assessments with restricted variability and generalizability. The current…
Descriptors: Infants, Social Cognition, Theory of Mind, Intention
Williams, Allison J.; Danovitch, Judith H. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
As children get older, they become better able to discriminate between impossible and improbable statements and they realize that improbable events can occur in reality while impossible ones cannot. However, when children hear about extraordinary events from fictional entities (e.g., popular characters from children's media), they may be more…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Childrens Attitudes, Fantasy, Familiarity
Executive Function and Theory of Mind in Children Living in Poverty: A Short-Term Longitudinal Study
Huang, Rong; Baker, Erin Ruth; Battista, Carmela; Liu, Qingyang – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
The early childhood years are critical for developing executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM). Prior literature suggests a robust relationship between EF and ToM; however, this relationship has seldom been investigated in children living in poverty. In addition, few studies have employed comprehensive ToM measures to explore how EF…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Theory of Mind, Poverty, Early Childhood Education
Paulus, Markus; Wörle, Monika; Christner, Natalie – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
The study examined whether preschool children conceive of empathy-based comforting as being an obligatory reaction toward others in emotional need. We presented 3- and 5-year-old children with three scenarios in which protagonists showed different reactions toward an agent who has hurt herself. One protagonist reacted antisocially by laughing at…
Descriptors: Altruism, Empathy, Preschool Children, Emotional Response
Caitlin E. V. Mahy; Ege Kamber; Maria C. Conversano; Ulrich Mueller; Sascha Zuber – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Although laboratory studies have examined the development of children's prospective memory (PM) and the factors that influence its performance, much less is known about children's PM performance and development in their everyday life. The current study used an online parent diary report approach to examine American 2- to 6-year-olds' PM successes…
Descriptors: Parent Attitudes, Diaries, Failure, Age Differences
Kopp, Leia; Hamwi, Lojain; Atance, Cristina M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
Our ability to shift from current to alternative (e.g., past and future) perspectives (i.e., "self-projection") plays a fundamental role in accurate decision-making. We investigated 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds' ability to shift perspective to reason about their future and past preferences. In Experiment 1 (N = 96), children were presented…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Preferences, Age Differences, Logical Thinking
Brezack, Natalie; Meyer, Marlene; Woodward, Amanda L. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
Understanding others' perspectives and integrating this knowledge in social interactions is challenging for young children; even adults struggle with this skill. While young children show the capacity to understand what others can and cannot see under supportive laboratory conditions, more research is necessary to understand how children implement…
Descriptors: Perspective Taking, Preschool Children, Interaction, Social Cognition
Henning, Kyle J.; Merriman, William E. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2019
Children tend to select a novel object rather than a familiar object when asked to identify the referent of a novel label. Current accounts of this so-called "disambiguation effect" do not address whether children have a general metacognitive representation of this way of determining the reference of novel labels. In two experiments…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension), Metacognition, Prediction
Jazlyn Nketia; Alya Al Sager; Rana Dajani; Diego Placido; Dima Amso – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2024
Understanding executive functions (EFs) development is of high value to global developmental science. Recent calls for a more inclusive and equitable developmental science argue that tasks and questionnaires that are developed using only a subset of the population are not likely to be appropriate for EFs measurement in global contexts unless…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Task Analysis, Academic Achievement, Arabic
Bambha, Valerie P.; Beckner, Aaron G.; Shetty, Nikita; Voss, Annika T.; Xie, Jinlin; Yiu, Eunice; LoBue, Vanessa; Oakes, Lisa M.; Casasola, Marianella – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Spatial play in early childhood is associated with a variety of spatial and cognitive skills. However, these associations are often derived from studies in which different tasks are used across different age ranges, leaving open the question of how children's natural behaviors during spatial play develop from infancy into the early preschool…
Descriptors: Child Development, Object Manipulation, Psychomotor Skills, Problem Solving
Gonzalez, Antonya Marie; Block, Katharina; Oh, Hee Jae Julie; Bizzotto, Riley; Baron, Andrew Scott – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2022
Numerous studies suggest that by elementary school, children have implicit and explicit gender stereotypes about the toys, activities, roles, and abilities associated with boys vs. girls. Furthermore, these stereotypes have been shown to affect children's goals and behaviors, leading them to pursue activities that are associated with their own…
Descriptors: Sex Stereotypes, Sex Role, Child Behavior, Child Development
Cottini, Milvia; Basso, Demis; Pieri, Alessandro; Palladino, Paola – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
This study investigated developmental differences in metacognitive monitoring and control in younger (5- to 6-year-old) and older (8- to 10-year-old) children's prospective memory (PM). Metacognitive monitoring was assessed by asking the children to judge their performance before (prediction) and after (postdiction) performing a resource-demanding…
Descriptors: Metacognition, Age Differences, Memory, Task Analysis
West, Eloise; McCrink, Koleen – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2021
This experiment tests the age at which left-to-right spatial associations found in infancy shift to culture-specific spatial biases in later childhood, for both numerical and non-numerical information. Children ages 1-5 years (N = 320) were tested within an eye-tracking paradigm which required passive viewing of a video portraying a spatial…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Spatial Ability, Preschool Children, Video Technology
Jirout, Jamie; Klahr, David – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
Question asking plays a fundamental role in learning, and the cognitive development literature contains many studies of specific types of question-asking skills. However, little is known about the developmental course across different aspects of question asking, of which we explore: (a) the ability to ask questions that enable children to solve a…
Descriptors: Young Children, Questioning Techniques, Problem Solving, Recognition (Psychology)