The relative contribution of social cognitive (alcohol-related outcome expectancies, alcohol-related self-efficacy, norms) and psychosocial factors towards predicting self-reported alcohol consumption were assessed in a sample of 206 college students. Social cognitive variables accounted for 76% of the variance in self-reported alcohol use,…

Investigates the influence of psychological variables upon female college students' aspirations for leadership positions in their future careers. Results demonstrated that connectedness needs, gender role, self-esteem, and fears of negative evaluation accounted for a significant amount of the variance in predicting college women's leadership…

Used meta-analysis to integrate and summarize the empirical research from 1966 through 1987 regarding the influence of college residence halls on the academic performance of undergraduate students in the United States. Found research did not show living in a conventional residence hall significantly influenced academic performance over living at…

Examines drinking patterns of female college students and evaluates the contributions of age, sorority membership, emotional pain, and peer acceptance on both frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. Results indicate that sorority membership and emotional pain were significant predictors of frequency of alcohol consumption; and age, sorority…

In this study we examined the relationships among lesbian identity development, perceptions of campus climate, and vocational development of 192 undergraduate lesbian women. Results indicated the combination of lesbian identity development phases and campus climate accounted for significant variance in two measures of vocational development.…

Perceived classroom fit was examined as interactions between learning style and educational climate. An analysis of 421 students revealed different patterns of fit. Thinking students of either gender did not indicate a preference for classroom climate. Both feeling men and women reported poorer fit with thinking classrooms. Only feeling women…

Interviews 36 community college faculty and administrators, and examined leadership beliefs and contextual conditions that affect diverse perspectives. Results suggest that individuals' positionalities (by gender, race, ethnicity, role within the institution, discipline or field of study, among other characteristics) appear to be related to…

We examined the correlation between sex and cognitive outcomes of a national sample of students at four-year institutions. Outcomes data included objective tests and self-reported gains. In the presence of controls for a wide variety of potentially confounding variables, significant differences were found between women and men in outcomes and in…

Measures of social support, personality, and workload were related to psychological burnout among 149 college students. High levels of burnout were predicted by negative temperament and subjective workload, but actual workload (academic and vocational) had little to do with burnout. Low levels of burnout were predicted by positive temperament,…

This study was based in data from a national survey used to examine the extent to which precollege outreach programs contain components that address the known predictors of college enrollment. The analyses show that only one fourth of programs targeting historically underrepresented groups contain components that correspond to five of the most…

Seeks to clarify choices of traditional and nontraditional majors by female and male college students. Regression analyses of questionnaires reveal that humanitarian concerns, femininity scores, masculinity scores, and utility values were significant predictors of college major. Education, English, and nursing majors had greater confidence,…

This study builds upon earlier research on personality types, educational outcomes of diversity, and school and community desegregation to explore how students' plans for involvement in diversity-related activities in college varied by racial background and personality type and how students' exposure to diversity prior to college affected these…

Examines Japanese aspects of identity and coping attitudes, sources, and practices among a sample of 240 college students in Japan. Participants reported that they tended to use family members and friends when coping with personal difficulties. Study also found that collective identity was a significant predictor of seeking help from family…

Examines how 8th and 10th grade student and parent attitudes and aspirations affected postsecondary attendance. Two-year and four-year students differed by socioeconomic status; educational aspirations; and concerns about college costs, reputations, and admission standards. Recommends early intervention to effect long-term systemic change in the…

The relationship between students' gender, personality traits, predicted first-year grades, and quality of effort put forth in academic and personal/social activities with academic achievement and critical thinking was examined. Results show that some personality traits influence the quality of effort expended with academic and personal/social…