Background: Online and blended learning need an appropriate assessment strategy which ensures academic integrity. During the pandemic, many universities have chosen for online proctoring. Although some earlier examples suggest that online proctoring may reduce cheating, the potential side-effects of proctoring are largely unknown. Objectives:…

Background: Plagiarism is a very serious offence in academic institutions. Yet there is some reluctance to address plagiarism by educators as its enforcement can require a significant time commitment if not handled wisely. Handling plagiarism at scale has the potential to exacerbate this problem. Objectives: This article explores the challenges…

Background: Online learning has grown significantly during the past two decades, and COVID-19 pandemic has expedited this process. However, previous research has shown how academic dishonesty is more prevalent under these modalities. Therefore, there is the challenge of performing trustworthy remote assessments, in order to obtain valid and…

Background: Digital-first assessments leverage the affordances of technology in all elements of the assessment process--from design and development to score reporting and evaluation to create test taker-centric assessments. Objectives: The goal of this paper is to describe the engineering, machine learning, and psychometric processes and…