Background: Flying accuracy is influenced by pilots' affective reactions to task demands. A better understanding of task-related emotions and flying performance is needed to enhance pilot training. Objective: Understand pilot trainees' performance and emotional dynamics (intensity, frequency and variability) based on training phase and difficulty…

Background: Virtual reality (VR) offers much potential for learning, but it challenges learners' orientation. Objectives: This paper investigates whether it is possible to use light or movement cues to facilitate orientation in a search task in a desktop-VR environment so that participants can better attend to the learning content presented…

Background: The conventional classroom does not seem to adequately address the gender disparity in technology education. This could negatively affect the contributions of the female gender to national development. There was a need to advance a setting that enhances the participation of women in technology education. Aims: This study evaluated…

Background: Cognitive load (CL) management is essential in safety-critical fields so that professionals can monitor and control their cognitive resources efficiently to perform and solve scenarios in a timely and safe manner, even in complex and unexpected circumstances. Thus, cognitive load theory (CLT) can be used to design virtual reality (VR)…

Background: Problem-solving competences have evolved into key skills for professionals. Computer-based business simulations enable the analysis of problem-solving processes beyond end results. An important aspect of successful problem-solving is to systematically use built-in tools and process the provided information efficiently. Objectives: This…

Background: This study investigates the effect of immersion levels in virtual reality (VR) learning environments on the acquisition of declarative and procedural knowledge. Prior research indicates that immersion affects cognitive load, but its impact on declarative and procedural knowledge outcomes remains unclear. This study utilises a…

Background: The study was motivated by the need to enhance children's literacy skills through innovative teaching methods. This research aims to address limitations in regular classroom teaching by exploring embodied learning and virtual reality (VR) as potential solutions. Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to investigate the effects of…

Background: Providing students with information on their current performance could help them improve by stimulating their reflection, but negative feedback that saliently mirrors task-related failure can harm motivation. In the context of automated scoring based on artificial intelligence, we explored how feedback on written texts might be…

Background: For students, digital literacy is an essential competency, and technology-supported learning has become one of the most crucial methods for developing students' digital literacy. However, no academic consensus exists regarding whether technology-supported learning is effective in improving students' digital literacy. Objectives: This…

Background: Previous work has identified that the benefits of learning with videogames and learning from simulations. However, recent meta-analytic work has also identified that little research directly compares learning with videogames and learning with simulations. Objectives: This study examines two learning technologies and their corresponding…

Background: Degree apprenticeships (DA) help employees gain new knowledge and skills by allowing them to study towards a university degree while working full time. For these programmes to be effective, the learning design should be adapted to the needs of these students, who are goal oriented (i.e. they want to gain only knowledge that can be…

Background: Teachers must have the skills to find, select, design and use technology-based mathematical activities that focus on high-level cognitive demands--supporting student reasoning. However, they experience various difficulties in creating, planning and making decisions about how and when to utilize technological affordances. Objectives:…

Background: Complex skills, like analytical thinking, are essential in preparing students for future professions. Serious games hold potential to stimulate the online acquisition of such professional skills in an active and experiential way. Objective: Rubrics are proven assessment and evaluation instruments, but were never directly integrated…

Background: Online interaction in blended learning is leveraged through social presence and convergence. However, little systematic work currently exists on how researchers have explored these challenges in higher education institutions and no studies have synthesised these challenges. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to give a novel…

Background: Collaborative programming is important and challenging for K12 students. Scaffolding is a vital method to support students' collaborative programming learning. However, conventional scaffolding that does not fade may lead students to become overly dependent, resulting in unsatisfactory programming performance. Objectives: This study…