Investigates the casual explanations employed by naive observers for suicidal behavior. Results indicate there are reliable differences in the way females and males are viewed when engaging in suicidal behavior. (Author)

The present study was directed toward evaluating the nature and degree of differences between three measures of clinical status often used as primary indicators of psychological disorder. Results confirmed the traditional inverse relationship between social class and psychological disorder but demonstrated that it was conditional in nature.…

The following behavior modification procedures were studied with hospitalized alcoholics: videotaped self-confrontation of drunken behavior, discrimination training for blood alcohol concentration, aversion training for overconsumption, discriminated avoidance practice, alcohol education, alternatives training, and behavior counseling. Some…

Teacher ratings on the Behavior Problem Checklist of adolescents who were clinically diagnosed as schizophrenic (psychotic) and those who had an adjustment reaction of adolescence (nonpsychotic) were compared. The schizophrenics tended to be rated as more deviant on both the flag items and Inadequacy-Immaturity dimensions of the checklist. (Author)

College-student snake phobics received one of four treatments to reduce their snake avoidance behavior. Behavioral and self-report assessment showed all three treatments relative to the control to be highly and equally effective in reducing snake avoidance behavior. (Author)

High- and low-fear subjects were assigned to noise or false heart-rate feedback. Contiguity between the shock-snake stimuli was varied in order to provide a test of an aversion relief model. As was predicted, low-fear as compared to high-fear subjects approached the snake significantly more after exposure to false heart-rate feedback. (Author)

Summarizes outcome results of treatment programs for boys exhibiting problems commonly subsumed under the label "conduct disorder." Treatment consisted of training agents in each setting to alter the deviant behaviors of the problem child. Direct observations were made in children's homes and classrooms before, during, and after intervention.…

A racial riot occurred at a federal correctional institution in which the majority of participants were identified. A second group of blacks selected at random from the same institution and intentionally sought not to become involved served as controls. (Author)

Expectancy instructions were introduced six times during the four-week treatment, and effectiveness of these instructions was demonstrated with independent nonreactive measures of subjects' expectancies. An analysis of self-report, behavioral, and unobtrusive measures of snake anxiety revealed significant main effects for instructions, with…

The first author criticizes the outcome measures used in a previous behavior modification study. The authors of the latter study answer the criticism by discussing the merits and disadvantages of outcome measures used in various behavior therapy studies. (SE)

The hypothesis that adolescent psychiatric patients would be deficient with respect to normal controls in their interpersonal problem-solving skills was tested by comparing the patient and control groups on seven tasks ref lecting different aspects of problem solving. (Author)

It was found that the attitude of people toward psychiatric patients was significantly influenced by the severity of the mental illness attributed to them but not by the labels given to them or by the type of persons labeling the patients. (SE)

The present study examined the efficacy of rational-emotive psychotherapy and systematic desensitization in the treatment of stuttering. Both therapies, making extensive use of in vivo behavioral assignments, were examined under the presence and absence of in vivo tasks. Results show that rational-emotive therapy was more effective in reducing…

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children data were obtained from 18 violent juvenile offenders. The similarities ratio was computed and compared with the score from a random subsample of 18 juveniles from a larger population of 200 offenders. There was a significantly lower similarities ratio for the violent group. (Author)

This case study demonstrates the value of conceptualizing functional somatic disorders as operants. The subject, an adolescent girl, diagnosed as having a "hysterical neurosis," manifested the symptoms of incessant coughing and mutism. The cough and mutism were treated by extinction and shaping, respectively. Positive results were obtained.…