A counseling procedure termed vicarious induction of behavior was used to develop academic achievement motivation in disadvantaged adults. The procedure required an analysis of the desired target behavior---academic achievement motivation---to identify specific skills and covert attitudes. New achievement behaviors were anticipated, specified, and…

Purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between locus of control and the issue of modeling and instructional effectiveness. Results indicated that modeling was an effective procedure. Internal-modeling subjects were more concrete than the internal-instructions subjects. (Author)

Male university students were randomly assigned to one of the following instructional conditions: specific instructions to discuss personal feelings within specified topic areas, general instructions, or no instructions. Half of the subjects also listened to a model discussing his feelings. All subjects then participated in a brief monologue,…

Evaluates a microtraining approach for training situationally nonassertive clients in assertive expression. Procedure included individualized training situations and a test of generalization. Microtraining, regardless of feedback type, increased self-rated and objectively rated assertiveness, compared to an insight-oriented counseling control.…

The purpose of this study was to test the relative efficacy of two different symbolic role modelings on the desired learning. Statistical significance was obtained in the level of acquisition responses by the two modeling treatments over the two control treatments and the modeling treatment with attentional variables over the modeling-only…

An analysis of the helping process suggests two important components of behaving competently. In the present research, snake phobics provided help to confederates whom they believed to be similarly phobic. Modeling produces more subjective improvement than the expectancy manipulation. (Author)

Examined how a model's personal characteristics and disclosure characteristics affect White interviewees' self-disclosures. Validity of Jourard's Self-Disclosure Questionnaire was investigated. Results showed that the model's race did not affect his/her behavior or ratings of models. Self-Disclosure Questionnaire showed subjects would disclose as…

The study was designed to test the hypothesis that a facilitative model would enhance the process of imitative learning by an observer. Results suggest a close relationship between self-theory and social learning with regard to the role of the counselor. (Author)

Fifty-four college females were interviewed individually. Interviewer disclosed experiences, attitudes, and beliefs similar and dissimilar to those revealed by the student during the interview. Results suggest that an intermediate level of interviewer self-disclosure may best initiate reciprocity of disclosure, which can lead to more positive…

The effects of a model-reinforced videotape in increasing vocational information-seeking behavior were studied in an outreach, self-instruction-oriented career information resource center for college students. Results showed increased type and frequency of information-seeking behavior for students viewing the model videotape. (Author)

This study examined the effects of instructions and modeling in the reflection-of-feeling training of individuals low in interpersonal-communication skills. Analysis of the reflection-of-feeling data indicated that instructions and instructions-plus-modeling were facilitative procedures. (Author)

Groups (N=16), composed of three males and three females, experienced one of four warm-up conditions prior to a 45-minute leaderless encounter group. Nonverbal exercises seemed to promote the largest increases in self-ratings of extraversion. The modeling condition was most effective in fostering a group atmosphere rated as "active."…

This study measured the effectiveness of Goldstein's structured learning training (modeling, role playing, and social reinforcement) in teaching parents of adolescents to respond empathically to their children; also measured was the extent to which transfer of training occurs when adolescents participate in training with their parents. Results are…

This qualitative study examined the career development experiences of 17 highly achieving women with physical and sensory disabilities. Interviews were conducted and data were analyzed using modified grounded theory strategies (A. L. Strauss & J. Corbin, 1998). The emergent theoretical model was conceptualized as a system of influences organized…

Trainees who were attracted to their supervisors were rated as more effective by supervisors, although attraction was not related to clients' perceptions of outcome. A direct style of supervision was related to trainee effectiveness, but on only one of three measures of the dependent variable. (Author)