The argument here is that the passivity inherent in Chicano culture as reflected in disclaimed activity in dreams is general enough to be found even in relatively acculturated and educationally advanced Chicanos like the subjects in this study. (Author)

Grouped 72 Chinese and Indian 4-year olds with a friend and an acquaintance to study cultural influences on sharing resources. Findings from these representatives of two collectivist cultures highlight the importance of cultural beliefs on young children's behaviors and the interaction between sharers and recipients. (SLD)

Predictors of cheating behavior in American and Israeli society were studied. Predictors in American society were attitudes, normative beliefs, or both together; friends and classmates were stronger influences than families. In Israeli society, normative beliefs were the significant predictors, and family norms influenced cheating behavior. (VM)

The acculturation of two ethnic groups in Oklahoma was compared. Hispanics seemed to be more assimilated than Southeast Asians. Both groups were more assimilated in their work places and residences than in friendships. Ethnic networking reduced assimilation. Biculturalism was the most satisfactory form of acculturation, followed by assimilation,…

Findings reported here suggest that although cultural background is significantly related to children's reported behavioral dispositions, perceived parental acceptance-rejection accounts for a larger portion of the variance in children's self-reported behavioral dispositions than does culture. (Author)

Results of a study involving 340 Japanese and 272 U.S. college students and another study with 206 Japanese and 681 U.S. college students found that 21 scenarios did contain different Japanese and American behavioral rules. Results of the second study showed the multidimensionality of the behavioral rules and the difficulties of intercultural…

An analysis of the responses of 1,614 adult subjects from 10 cultures show that the Leung-Bond procedure provides ways of extracting both strong and weak etics relevant to individualism and weak etics relevant to collectivism. The most complete picture is obtained when both etics and emics are examined. (SLD)

Self-report data on the physiological/behavioral response associated with embarrassment were collected by questionnaire in Greece, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. Blushing/increased temperature and smiling/grinning were reported consistently, with considerable variation, across nations. Understatement and overstatement of…

Examination of the child development beliefs of 40 families reveals that Greek-Australians regard behaviors reflecting initiative and independence, personal maturity, and interpersonal sensitivity to be appropriate at a later age than do Anglo-Australians, but the converse holds true for respect, self-control, and unsupervised activities. Parents'…

Analyzes components of the concept of intuitive parenting in cultural samples of 10 German, 20 U.S. and 6 Greek mothers with first-born infants. Although results indicate general parenting programs that are not culturally specific, quantitative cultural differences are found in verbal behavior. (SLD)

College students in Ghana (n=349) and the United States (n=219) completed questionnaires about perceptions about weight, dieting, and ideal bodies. Students in Ghana were more accepting of large body size. Findings illustrated that perceptions of ideal body size and corresponding behaviors are influenced by culture and gender. (SLD)

Studies whether Chinese children are more cooperative, whereas U.S. children are more competitive, using 76 10- to 12-year-old children in each country. Results using the Social Values Task indicate that Chinese children favor strategies that result in equality and group enhancement, and U.S. children favor individualistic and competitive…

Tests the hypothesis that Japanese children demonstrate higher task persistence under non-competitive conditions than do their U.S. peers. Comparison of 107 first graders in Japan and 86 in the United States supports the study hypothesis. Type of school and student gender have no significant effect on task persistence. (SLD)

Investigates the influence of ethnic cultural background and multicultural interaction for 120 males drawn from Aboriginal, Anglo-Saxon, Chinese, and Lebanese cultural communities in Australia. Responses to the Work Cognitions Questionnaire reveal differences in the structure of achievement goals and work values for the 4 groups of 30 subjects…

Validity of auto-stereotypes and heterostereotypes of Japanese and Americans is reflected in the rank-order correlations of "own" and "other" judgments for 110 Japanese and 169 U.S. undergraduate students and is found to be a function of the similarity of the 2 cultures when reacting to an episode. (SLD)