Virtual reality (VR) has a high potential to facilitate education. However, the design of many VR learning applications was criticized for lacking the guidance of explicit and appropriate learning theories. To advance the use of VR in effective instruction, this study proposed a model that extended the cognitive-affective theory of learning with…

Proposes a whole-class view of microworld design in which the total ecology of students, technology, and teacher is considered by the decisions and choices of the design. Presents a case study analysis of a secondary school classroom implementation with a geometry microworld and discusses student affect, participation, and the role of educational…