Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) refers to systems that make AI models more transparent, helping users understand how outputs are generated. XAI algorithms are considered valuable in educational research, supporting outcomes like student success, trust, and motivation. Their potential to enhance transparency and reliability in online…

This study uses a quasi-experimental design to explore the role of natural language processing (NLP) and speech recognition technologies in supporting teacher interventions during collaborative STEM activities. The Speech Recognition Keywords Analysis System (SRKAS) was developed to extract keywords from student discussions, enabling real-time…

Written answers to open-ended questions can have a higher long-term effect on learning than multiple-choice questions. However, it is critical that teachers immediately review the answers, and ask to redo those that are incoherent. This can be a difficult task and can be time-consuming for teachers. A possible solution is to automate the detection…

Technologies like ChatGPT and other AI tools have impacted learning by giving students more chances to ask questions and explore knowledge. The inclusion of Non-Player Characters (NPCs) as scaffolding in game-based situated learning activities can have a positive impact on learning. The application of ChatGPT to role-playing has potential;…

Natural language generation (NLG) is a process within artificial intelligence where computer systems produce human-comprehensible language texts from information. English as a foreign language (EFL) students' use of NLG tools might facilitate their idea generation, which is fundamental to creative writing. However, little is known about how EFL…

Maccia's epistemology of intelligent natural systems implies that computer systems must develop qualitative intelligence before knowledge representation and natural language understanding can be achieved. Emotion and sensation--capabilities which computers do not currently possess are vital to the growth of the mind (Stanley I. Greenspan).…