This study combines ChatGPT, Apple's Shortcuts, and LINE to create the ChatGPT-based Intelligent Learning Aid (CILA), aiming to enhance self-regulation progress and knowledge construction in blended learning. CILA offers real-time, convergent information to learners' inquiries, as opposed to traditional Google search engine that provide divergent…

Scientific knowledge is often abstract and challenging, making it difficult for students to apply these concepts effectively. Digital game-based learning (DGBL) offers an engaging and immersive approach, but the fixed resources and predetermined learning paths in most games limit its ability to adapt to individual learners' needs. Large language…

Literature has shown that immersive learning environments such as digital educational games and simulations often incorporate storytelling elements in their designs as narrative can be an effective way of making learning more meaningful to students. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on the role narrative can play in the…

This study aimed to examine the factors that explain academic success in a gamified online learning environment considering flow, emotional engagement, and motivation. The gamified online learning environment was used by 40 undergraduate students, and the data gathered from them. A hypothetical path model showing the interaction of variables with…

Adding gaming elements to conventional teaching methodologies has gained a lot of attention because of its ability to incorporate an engaging, motivating, and fun-based environment. As a result, learners' dedication and performance are also better. Unfortunately, current gamification models do not consider the effect of different levels of…

Virtual reality (VR) has a high potential to facilitate education. However, the design of many VR learning applications was criticized for lacking the guidance of explicit and appropriate learning theories. To advance the use of VR in effective instruction, this study proposed a model that extended the cognitive-affective theory of learning with…

When performing a task in the classroom, it is essential to place the focus on learning. In the classroom, it is possible to distinguish between time spent by students on-task and off-task. The former is the time in which the student is focused on the learning task; the latter is the remaining time in which they focus on other activities.…

Epistemic and learning beliefs were found to affect college students' cognitive engagement and study strategies, as well as motivation in classroom settings. However, the relationships between epistemic and learning beliefs, motivation, learning perception, and students' actual learning participation in asynchronous online settings have been…