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Sun-Joo Cho; Amanda Goodwin; Matthew Naveiras; Paul De Boeck – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2024
Explanatory item response models (EIRMs) have been applied to investigate the effects of person covariates, item covariates, and their interactions in the fields of reading education and psycholinguistics. In practice, it is often assumed that the relationships between the covariates and the logit transformation of item response probability are…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Test Items, Models, Maximum Likelihood Statistics
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Hou, Likun; de la Torre, Jimmy; Nandakumar, Ratna – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2014
Analyzing examinees' responses using cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs) has the advantage of providing diagnostic information. To ensure the validity of the results from these models, differential item functioning (DIF) in CDMs needs to be investigated. In this article, the Wald test is proposed to examine DIF in the context of CDMs. This study…
Descriptors: Test Bias, Models, Simulation, Error Patterns