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Albano, Anthony D. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2013
In many testing programs it is assumed that the context or position in which an item is administered does not have a differential effect on examinee responses to the item. Violations of this assumption may bias item response theory estimates of item and person parameters. This study examines the potentially biasing effects of item position. A…
Descriptors: Test Items, Item Response Theory, Test Format, Questioning Techniques
van der Linden, Wim J. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2010
Although response times on test items are recorded on a natural scale, the scale for some of the parameters in the lognormal response-time model (van der Linden, 2006) is not fixed. As a result, when the model is used to periodically calibrate new items in a testing program, the parameter are not automatically mapped onto a common scale. Several…
Descriptors: Test Items, Testing Programs, Measures (Individuals), Item Response Theory
Puhan, Gautam; Moses, Timothy P.; Yu, Lei; Dorans, Neil J. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 2009
This study examined the extent to which log-linear smoothing could improve the accuracy of differential item functioning (DIF) estimates in small samples of examinees. Examinee responses from a certification test were analyzed using White examinees in the reference group and African American examinees in the focal group. Using a simulation…
Descriptors: Test Items, Reference Groups, Testing Programs, Raw Scores

Ferrara, Steven; Huynh, Huynh; Michaels, Hillary – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1999
Provides hypothesized explanations for local item dependence (LID) in a large-scale hands-on science performance assessment involving approximately 55,000 students each at grades 3, 5, and 8. Items that appear to elicit locally dependent responses require examinees to answer and explain their answers or to use given or generalized information to…
Descriptors: Context Effect, Elementary Education, Hands on Science, Junior High Schools

Yen, Wendy M. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1993
Results from the Maryland School Performance Assessment Program for 5,392 elementary school students and from the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills (multiple choice) for a national sample are used to explore local item independence (LID) of test items. Some strategies are suggested for measuring LID in performance assessments. (SLD)
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students, Equations (Mathematics)

Sheehan, Kathleen; Mislevy, Robert J. – Journal of Educational Measurement, 1990
The 63 items on skills in acquiring and using information from written documents contained in the Survey of Young Adult Literacy in the 1985 National Assessment of Educational Progress are analyzed. The analyses are based on a qualitative cognitive model and an item-response theory model. (TJH)
Descriptors: Adult Literacy, Cognitive Processes, Diagnostic Tests, Elementary Secondary Education