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Mix, Kelly S.; Levine, Susan C.; Cheng, Yi-Ling; Stockton, Jerri DaSha; Bower, Corinne – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
A pretest-training-posttest design assessed whether training to improve spatial skills also improved mathematics performance in elementary-aged children. First grade students (mean age = 7 years, n = 134) and sixth grade students (mean age = 12 years, n = 124) completed training in 1 of 2 spatial skills--spatial visualization or form…
Descriptors: Grade 1, Grade 6, Mathematics Achievement, Spatial Ability
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Zhao, Hongyang; Alexander, Patricia A.; Sun, Yuting – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2021
The overarching goal of this 2-phase study was to investigate the contributions of relational reasoning to mathematical thinking and performance for 790 primary and middle-school Chinese students. Phase I of the study was undertaken to establish the reliability and validity of the Test of Relational Reasoning-Junior (TORRjr), a 32-item measure…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Elementary School Students, Middle School Students, Mathematical Logic
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Bender, Bruce G.; Levin, Joel R. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1978
Four groups of 10- to 16-year-old educable mental retardates listened to a 20-sentence story; subjects (1) viewed pictures; (2) generated mental pictures; (3) heard each sentence twice; or (4) listened to the story once. Recall of story information was highest for those who viewed pictures. (Author/GDC)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Learning Activities, Listening Comprehension, Mild Mental Retardation
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Pierce, Jean W. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1980
The relation between imagery-assisted prose recall and field independence was found to be significantly stronger than the relation between control recall and field independence for third graders, but not for kindergartners. (Author)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Style, Cues, Grade 3
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Levin, Joel R.; Pressley, Michael – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1978
Kindergarten children were administered a paired-associate learning task at the beginning and end of the school-year, under either regular (control) or self-generated visual imagery instructions. Age predicted performance in the imagery but not in the control condition. Results supported the developmental imagery hypothesis. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Educational Experience, Learning Activities
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Guttmann, Joseph; And Others – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1977
Investigations of the effects of visual imagery and pictorial stimuli on young children's oral prose learning indicated: (1) age differences affect the ability to profit from self-generated imagery; (2) experimenter-provided cues help to generate imagery; and (3) the type of cue provided relates to the kind of information recalled. (Author/GDC)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Aural Learning, Learning Processes, Listening Comprehension
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Fay, Anne Louise; Mayer, Richard E. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1987
This article examines naive conceptions of spatial reference that children bring to Logo programing language learning. Students from Grades 4, 5, 6, and 8 were introduced to six Logo commands, and then were tested on predicting the output for instances of each of the commands. (Author/LMO)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Structures, Computer Graphics, Intermediate Grades
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Mallory, William A. – Journal of Educational Psychology, 1972
Purpose of the study was to investigate those stable characteristics of children which allow some to learn more efficiently under some conditions and others to learn more efficiently under other conditions. (Author)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Grade 2, Kindergarten Children, Learning Processes