A mobile learning management system (mobile LMS) facilitates the interaction between lecturers and students to transfer knowledge flexibly. With the high possibility of universities adopting a mobile LMS into their learning systems, predicting student acceptance of mobile LMS is critical. Based on an extension of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), this study explores the factors that contribute to the acceptance of a mobile LMS. This was carried out by involving 500 Bina Nusantara University (BINUS) Indonesia online learning students who used the mobile LMS for more than one year to share their experiences. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is used to predict behavioral intentions and the actual usage of the mobile LMS. The results showed that the intention to use the mobile LMS was determined by performance and effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habit, and perceived satisfaction. Furthermore, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habits, and behavioral intentions contributed to the actual use of the mobile LMS. This study successfully predicted the main factors that encourage students to adopt and use a mobile LMS. In functional terms, this study provides insights for higher education institutions in designing a mobile LMS so that it has an impact on increasing student academic success.