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Owings, Richard A.; Baumeister, Alfred A. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1979
In three experiments, memory for intentionally encoded words was compared with memory for encodings, induced by asking semantic, phonemic, or surface questions. Subjects were second-, fourth-, and sixth-grade students, and junior and senior high school students. (Author/MP)
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Processes, Elementary School Students, Elementary Secondary Education