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Zhang, Zhonghua – Journal of Experimental Education, 2022
Reporting standard errors of equating has been advocated as a standard practice when conducting test equating. The two most widely applied procedures for standard errors of equating including the bootstrap method and the delta method are either computationally intensive or confined to the derivations of complicated formulas. In the current study,…
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Item Response Theory, True Scores, Equated Scores

Williams, Richard H. – Journal of Experimental Education, 1974
An equation comparable to Spearman's correction for attenuation, which does not depend upon the assumption that error scores are uncorrelated with true scores and with other sets of scores, is derived. (Editor)
Descriptors: Correlation, Error of Measurement, Statistical Analysis, True Scores

Williams, Richard H.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Education, 1995
The paradox that a Student t-test based on pretest-posttest differences can attain its greatest power when the difference score reliability is zero was explained by demonstrating that power is not a mathematical function of reliability unless either true score variance or error score variance is constant. (SLD)
Descriptors: Error of Measurement, Power (Statistics), Pretests Posttests, Reliability