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Günther, Fritz; Marelli, Marco – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Effects of semantic transparency, reflected in processing differences between semantically transparent ("teabag") and opaque ("ladybird") compounds, have received considerable attention in the investigation of the role of constituents in compound processing. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. In the…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Processing, Vocabulary, Definitions
Juhasz, Barbara J.; Yap, Melvin J.; Raoul, Akila; Kaye, Micaela – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Word frequency is an important predictor of lexical-decision task performance. The current study further examined the role of this variable by exploring the influence of frequency trajectory. Frequency trajectory is measured by how often a word occurs in childhood relative to adulthood. Past research on the role of this variable in word…
Descriptors: Word Frequency, Predictor Variables, Grade 1, College Students
de Wit, Bianca; Kinoshita, Sachiko – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Semantic priming effects at a short prime-target stimulus onset asynchrony are commonly explained in terms of an automatic spreading activation process. According to this view, the proportion of related trials should have no impact on the size of the semantic priming effect. Using a semantic categorization task ("Is this a living…
Descriptors: Priming, Semantics, Classification, Time
Salverda, Anne Pier – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Lieberman, Borovsky, Hatrak, and Mayberry (2015) used a modified version of the visual-world paradigm to examine the real-time processing of signs in American Sign Language. They examined the activation of phonological and semantic competitors in native signers and late-learning signers and concluded that their results provide evidence that the…
Descriptors: American Sign Language, Deafness, Native Speakers, Second Language Learning
O'Malley, Shannon; Besner, Derek – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
No one would argue with the proposition that how we process events in the world is strongly affected by our experience. Nonetheless, recent experience (e.g., from the previous trial) is typically not considered in the analysis of timed cognitive performance in the laboratory. Masson and Kliegl (2013) reported that, in the context of the lexical…
Descriptors: Reading Aloud to Others, Experience, Word Frequency, Language Processing
Cholin, Joana; Dell, Gary S.; Levelt, Willem J. M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
We investigated the role of syllables during speech planning in English by measuring syllable-frequency effects. So far, syllable-frequency effects in English have not been reported. English has poorly defined syllable boundaries, and thus the syllable might not function as a prominent unit in English speech production. Speakers produced either…
Descriptors: Syllables, English, Articulation (Speech), Language Processing
Endress, Ansgar D.; Hauser, Marc D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Rules, and exceptions to such rules, are ubiquitous in many domains, including language. Here we used simple artificial grammars to investigate the influence of 2 factors on the acquisition of rules and their exceptions, namely type frequency (the relative numbers of different exceptions to different regular items) and token frequency (the number…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Language Processing, Language Acquisition, Familiarity
Farrell, Meagan T.; Abrams, Lise – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Syllable frequency has been shown to facilitate production in some languages but has yielded inconsistent results in English and has never been examined in older adults. Tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states represent a unique type of production failure where the phonology of a word is unable to be retrieved, suggesting that the frequency of phonological…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Barriers, Phonology, Syllables
Kinoshita, Sachiko; Norris, Dennis – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
A prime generated by transposing two internal letters (e.g., jugde) produces strong priming of the original word (judge). In lexical decision, this transposed-letter (TL) priming effect is generally weak or absent for nonword targets; thus, it is unclear whether the origin of this effect is lexical or prelexical. The authors describe the Bayesian…
Descriptors: Phonology, Language Processing, Experiments, Coding
Tooley, Kristen M.; Traxler, Matthew J.; Swaab, Tamara Y. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Event-related potentials and eye tracking were used to investigate the nature of priming effects in sentence comprehension. Participants read 2 sentences (a prime sentence and a target sentence), both of which had a difficult and ambiguous sentence structure. The prime and target sentences contained either the same verb or verbs that were very…
Descriptors: Sentences, Sentence Structure, Verbs, Language Processing
Maguire, Phil; Maguire, Rebecca; Cater, Arthur W. S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
The CARIN theory (C. L. Gagne & E. J. Shoben, 1997) proposes that people use statistical knowledge about the relations with which modifiers are typically used to facilitate the interpretation of modifier-noun combinations. However, research on semantic patterns in compounding has suggested that regularities tend to be associated with pairings of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Nouns, Language Patterns, Form Classes (Languages)
Camp, Gino; Pecher, Diane; Schmidt, Henk G.; Zeelenberg, Rene – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
The independent cue technique has been developed to test traditional interference theories against inhibition theories of forgetting. In the present study, the authors tested the critical criterion for the independence of independent cues: Studied cues not presented during test (and unrelated to test cues) should not contribute to the retrieval…
Descriptors: Cues, Language Processing, Measurement Techniques, Recall (Psychology)
Mirman, Daniel; Magnuson, James S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2008
The authors investigated semantic neighborhood density effects on visual word processing to examine the dynamics of activation and competition among semantic representations. Experiment 1 validated feature-based semantic representations as a basis for computing semantic neighborhood density and suggested that near and distant neighbors have…
Descriptors: Vocabulary, Semantics, Word Frequency, Language Processing
Jarvikivi, Juhani; Pyykkonen, Pirita; Niemi, Jussi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
The authors compared sublexical and supralexical approaches to morphological processing with unambiguous and ambiguous inflected words and words with ambiguous stems in 3 masked and unmasked priming experiments in Finnish. Experiment 1 showed equal facilitation for all prime types with a short 60-ms stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) but significant…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Figurative Language, Language Processing, Comparative Analysis
Hantsch, Ansgar; Jescheniak, Jorg D.; Schriefers, Herbert – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
A number of recent studies have questioned the idea that lexical selection during speech production is a competitive process. One type of evidence against selection by competition is the observation that in the picture-word interference task semantically related distractors may facilitate the naming of a picture, whereas the selection by…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Speech, Semantics, Competition