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Dai, Haoyun; Kaan, Edith; Xu, Xiaodong – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Counterfactuals describe imagined alternatives to reality that people know to be false. Successful counterfactual comprehension therefore requires people to keep in mind both an imagined hypothetical world and the presupposed real world. "Counterfactual transparency," that is, the degree to which a context makes it easy to determine…
Descriptors: Diagnostic Tests, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Semantics, Language Processing
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He, Qiliang; McNamara, Timothy P.; Bodenheimer, Bobby; Klippel, Alexander – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
In the current study, we investigated the ways in which the acquisition and transfer of spatial knowledge were affected by (a) the type of spatial relations predominately experienced during learning (routes determined by walkways vs. straight-line paths between locations); (b) environmental complexity; and (c) the availability of rotational…
Descriptors: Transfer of Training, Spatial Ability, Computer Simulation, Retailing