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Lupker, Stephen J.; Nakayama, Mariko; Yoshihara, Masahiro – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The present experiment provides an investigation of a promising new tool, the masked priming same-different task, for investigating the orthographic coding process. Orthographic coding is the process of establishing a mental representation of the letters and letter order in the word being read which is then used by readers to access higher-level…
Descriptors: Japanese, Phonology, Orthographic Symbols, Priming
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Lehmer, Eva-Maria; Bäuml, Karl-Heinz T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The results of four experiments are reported, in which we examined how the effects of part-list cuing--the presentation of a random selection of studied items as retrieval cues at test--on recall of the remaining target items depend on encoding and access to study context at test. Encoding was varied by inducing high and low degrees of interitem…
Descriptors: Cues, Recall (Psychology), Foreign Countries, College Students
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Salvaggio, Samuel; Masson, Nicolas; Andres, Michael – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Behavioral studies have reported interactions between number processing and spatial attention, suggesting that number processing involves shifting attention along a mental continuum on which numbers are represented in ascending order. However, direct evidence for attention shifts remains scarce, the respective contribution of the horizontal and…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Spatial Ability, Coding, Cognitive Processes
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Robin, Jessica; Wynn, Jordana; Moscovitch, Morris – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Events always unfold in a spatial context, leading to the claim that it serves as a scaffold for encoding and retrieving episodic memories. The ubiquitous co-occurrence of spatial context with events may induce participants to generate a spatial context when hearing scenarios of events in which it is absent. Spatial context should also serve as an…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Memory, Recall (Psychology), Cues
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Knutsen, Dominique; Le Bigot, Ludovic – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
As speakers interact, they add references to their common ground, which they can then reuse to facilitate listener comprehension. However, all references are not equally likely to be reused. The purpose of this study was to shed light on how the speakers' conceptualizations of the referents under discussion affect reuse (along with a generation…
Descriptors: Dialogs (Language), Interpersonal Communication, Memory, Perspective Taking
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Chu, Mingyuan; Kita, Sotaro – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
People spontaneously gesture when they speak (co-speech gestures) and when they solve problems silently (co-thought gestures). In this study, we first explored the relationship between these 2 types of gestures and found that individuals who produced co-thought gestures more frequently also produced co-speech gestures more frequently (Experiments…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Speech Communication, Correlation, Cognitive Processes
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Giesen, Carina; Rothermund, Klaus – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Stimulus-response (S-R) episodes are formed whenever a response is executed in close temporal proximity to a stimulus. Subsequent stimulus repetition will retrieve the episode from memory, reactivating the previous response. Whereas many research findings attest to the flexibility of representing stimulus features, only little is known about the…
Descriptors: Semantics, Motor Reactions, Task Analysis, Memory
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Gambi, Chiara; Van de Cavey, Joris; Pickering, Martin J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
In 4 experiments we showed that picture naming latencies are affected by beliefs about the task concurrently performed by another speaker. Participants took longer to name pictures when they believed that their partner concurrently named pictures than when they believed their partner was silent (Experiments 1 and 4) or concurrently categorized the…
Descriptors: Interference (Learning), Barriers, Pictorial Stimuli, Naming
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Slevc, L. Robert – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
The role of working memory (WM) in sentence comprehension has received considerable interest, but little work has investigated how sentence production relies on memory mechanisms. Three experiments investigated speakers' tendency to produce syntactic structures that allow for early production of material that is accessible in memory. In Experiment…
Descriptors: Sentences, Short Term Memory, Experiments, Memory
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Madore, Kevin P.; Gaesser, Brendan; Schacter, Daniel L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
According to the constructive episodic simulation hypothesis (Schacter & Addis, 2007), both remembered past and imagined future events rely heavily on episodic memory. An alternative hypothesis is that observed similarities between remembering and imagining reflect the influence of broader factors such as descriptive ability, narrative style,…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Young Adults, Older Adults, Memory
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Henriksson, Maria P.; Elwin, Ebba; Juslin, Peter – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
Although people often have to learn from environments with scarce and highly selective outcome feedback, the question of how nonfeedback trials are represented in memory and affect later performance has received little attention in models of learning and decision making. In this article, the authors use the generalized context model (Nosofsky,…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Constructivism (Learning), Early Adolescents, Memory
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Adelman, James S.; Marquis, Suzanne J.; Sabatos-DeVito, Maura G.; Estes, Zachary – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
The effects of properties of words on their reading aloud response times (RTs) are 1 major source of evidence about the reading process. The precision with which such RTs could potentially be predicted by word properties is critical to evaluate our understanding of reading but is often underestimated due to contamination from individual…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Reading Processes, Comparative Analysis, Regression (Statistics)
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Ozubko, Jason D.; MacLeod, Colin M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
The production effect is the substantial benefit to memory of having studied information aloud as opposed to silently. MacLeod, Gopie, Hourihan, Neary, and Ozubko (2010) have explained this enhancement by suggesting that a word studied aloud acquires a distinctive encoding record and that recollecting this record supports identifying a word…
Descriptors: Prediction, Memory, Experiments, Coding