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Norberg, Kole A.; Perfetti, Charles; Helder, Anne – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Eye tracking and event-related potentials (ERPs) have complementary advantages in the study of reading processes. We used eye tracking to extend ERP evidence of Helder et al. (2020) that word-to-text integration at the beginnings and ends of sentences is primarily determined by local text factors (antecedents in a previous sentence) but that…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Diagnostic Tests, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Nouns
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Dempsey, Jack; Liu, Qiawen; Christianson, Kiel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Previous work has ostensibly shown that readers rapidly adapt to less predictable ambiguity resolutions after repeated exposure to unbalanced statistical input (e.g., a high number of reduced relative-clause garden-path sentences), and that these readers grow to disfavor the a priori more frequent (e.g. main verb) resolution after exposure (Fine,…
Descriptors: Probability, Cues, Syntax, Ambiguity (Semantics)
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Wallot, Sebastian; Menninghaus, Winfried – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Previous research has shown that rhyme and meter--although enhancing prosodic processing ease and memorability--also tend to make semantic processing more demanding. Using a set of rhymed and metered proverbs, as well as nonrhymed and nonmetered versions of these proverbs, the present study reveals this hitherto unspecified difficulty of…
Descriptors: Rhyme, Intonation, Suprasegmentals, Language Processing
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Cutter, Michael G.; Martin, Andrea E.; Sturt, Patrick – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
We investigated whether readers use the low-level cue of proper noun capitalization in the parafovea to infer syntactic category, and whether this results in an early update of the representation of a sentence's syntactic structure. Participants read sentences containing either a subject relative or object relative clause, in which the relative…
Descriptors: Nouns, Phrase Structure, Syntax, Eye Movements
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Vilkaite-Lozdiene, Laura – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
There are numerous studies showing processing advantages for collocations, but none of them so far takes into account the fact that the morphological form of a collocation varies to fit the context. Questions whether collocations retain their processing advantage when their morphological form changes and how or if different morphological forms of…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Morphology (Languages), Eye Movements, Language Processing
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Black, Jo; Williams, David; Ferguson, Heather J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two experiments are presented that explore online counterfactual processing in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using eye-tracking. Participants' eye movements were tracked while they read factual and counterfactual sentences in an anomaly detection task. In Experiment 1, the sentences depicted everyday counterfactual situations (e.g., "If…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Eye Movements, Task Analysis
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Lauro, Justin; Schwartz, Ana I. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
There are numerous studies demonstrating facilitated processing of cognates relative to noncognates for bilinguals, providing evidence that bilingual lexical access is language nonselective. We tested whether cross-language activation affects comprehension of larger units of meaning, focusing specifically on comprehension of anaphoric references.…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Bilingualism, Spanish, Transfer of Training
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Meng, Zhu; Lan, Zebo; Yan, Guoli; Marsh, John E.; Liversedge, Simon P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Task-irrelevant background sound can disrupt performance of visually based cognitive tasks. The cross-modal breakdown of attentional selectivity in the context of reading was addressed using analyses of eye movements. Moreover, the study addressed whether task-sensitivity to distraction via background speech on reading was modulated by the…
Descriptors: Speech Acts, Language Processing, Task Analysis, Reading Processes
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de los Santos, Guadalupe; Boland, Julie E.; Lewis, Richard L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Although bilingual individuals know 2 languages, research suggests that the languages are not separate in the mind. This is especially evident when a bilingual individual switches languages midsentence, indicating that mental representations are, to some degree, overlapping or integrated across the 2 languages. In 2 eye-tracking experiments, we…
Descriptors: Grammar, Predictor Variables, Spanish, Decision Making
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Brothers, Trevor; Traxler, Matthew J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Previous evidence suggests that grammatical constraints have a rapid influence during language comprehension, particularly at the level of word categories (noun, verb, preposition). These findings are in conflict with a recent study from Angele, Laishley, Rayner, and Liversedge (2014), in which sentential fit had no early influence on word…
Descriptors: Syntax, Grammar, Reading, Eye Movements
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Gullifer, Jason W.; Titone, Debra – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
We investigated whether cross-language activation is sensitive to shifting language demands and language experience during first and second language (i.e., L1, L2) reading. Experiment 1 consisted of L1 French-L2 English bilinguals reading in the L2, and Experiment 2 consisted of L1 English-L2 French bilinguals reading in the L1. Both groups read…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Second Language Learning, Native Language, French
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Vilkaite, Laura – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Numerous studies have shown processing advantages for collocations, but they only investigated processing of adjacent collocations (e.g., "provide information"). However, in naturally occurring language, nonadjacent collocations ("provide" some of the "information") are equally, if not more frequent. This raises the…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Language Processing, Eye Movements, Task Analysis
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?urcan, Alexandra; Filik, Ruth – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
This article addresses a current theoretical debate between the standard pragmatic model, the graded salience hypothesis, and the implicit display theory, by investigating the roles of the context and of the properties of the sarcastic utterance itself in the comprehension of a sarcastic remark. Two eye-tracking experiments were conducted where we…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Familiarity, Language Processing, Language Usage
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Stites, Mallory C.; Federmeier, Kara D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
We used eye tracking to investigate the downstream processing consequences of encountering noun/verb (NV) homographs (i.e., park) in semantically neutral but syntactically constraining contexts. Target words were followed by a prepositional phrase containing a noun that was plausible for only 1 meaning of the homograph. Replicating previous work,…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Nouns, Verbs, Ambiguity (Semantics)