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Julie Y. L. Chow; Jessica C. Lee; Peter F. Lovibond – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
People often rely on the covariation between events to infer causality. However, covariation between cues and outcomes may change over time. In the associative learning literature, extinction provides a model to study updating of causal beliefs when a previously established relationship no longer holds. Prediction error theories can explain both…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Learning Processes, Foreign Countries, Attribution Theory
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Zonca, Joshua; Coricelli, Giorgio; Polonio, Luca – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
In our everyday life, we often need to anticipate the potential occurrence of events and their consequences. In this context, the way we represent contingencies can determine our ability to adapt to the environment. However, it is not clear how agents encode and organize available knowledge about the future to react to possible states of the…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Individual Differences, Task Analysis, Futures (of Society)
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Bramley, Neil R.; Lagnado, David A.; Speekenbrink, Maarten – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Interacting with a system is key to uncovering its causal structure. A computational framework for interventional causal learning has been developed over the last decade, but how real causal learners might achieve or approximate the computations entailed by this framework is still poorly understood. Here we describe an interactive computer task in…
Descriptors: Intervention, Memory, Cognitive Processes, Models
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Rothkopf, E. Z.; And Others – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1982
Televised and purely aural statements made by various speakers were presented at distinct locations in the recipient's surroundings. It was concluded that place provides especially privileged cues and that not all content-correlated background stimuli are equipotent cues in associative learning. (Author/PN)
Descriptors: Association (Psychology), Attribution Theory, Cues, Learning Processes