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Jasmine Spencer; Hasibe Kahraman; Elisabeth Beyersmann – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Reading morphologically complex words requires analysis of their morphemic subunits (e.g., play + er); however, the positional constraints of morphemic processing are still little understood. The current study involved three unprimed lexical decision experiments to directly compare the positional encoding of stems and affixes during reading and to…
Descriptors: Morphemes, Suffixes, Word Recognition, College Students
Jingwen Wang; Jinmian Yang; Chris Biemann; Xingshan Li – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
The integration of semantic information of compound words with context is a crucial aspect of reading comprehension. In two eye-tracking experiments, we used two-character and four-character Chinese lexicalized and novel compound words to investigate how Chinese readers integrate semantic information of compound words with contexts in the present…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Processing, Eye Movements, Lexicology
Orth, Wesley; Yoshida, Masaya; Sloggett, Shayne – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Illusions of grammaticality have often been used to probe the properties of the human sentence processor in syntactic activities like subject--verb agreement, reflexive binding, and negative polarity item (NPI) licensing. Originally, NPI licensing in processing was thought to be a product of cue-based retrieval. Mounting evidence that the NPI…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Grammar, Syntax, Sentences
Stephen J. Lupker; Giacomo Spinelli – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Rastle et al. (2004) reported that true (e.g., walker) and pseudo (e.g., corner) multi-morphemic words prime their stem words more than form controls do (e.g., brothel priming BROTH) in a masked priming lexical decision task. This data pattern has led a number of models to propose that both of the former word types are "decomposed" into…
Descriptors: Models, Morphemes, Priming, Vocabulary
Biondo, Nicoletta; Soilemezidi, Marielena; Mancini, Simona – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
The ability to think about nonpresent time is a crucial aspect of human cognition. Both the past and future imply a temporal displacement of an event outside the "now." They also intrinsically differ: The past refers to inalterable events; the future to alterable events, to possible worlds. Are the past and future processed similarly or…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Time, Language Processing, Sentences
Agmon, Galit; Loewenstein, Yonatan; Grodzinsky, Yosef – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Negated sentences are known to be more cognitively taxing than positive ones (i.e., "polarity effect"). We present evidence that two factors contribute to the polarity effect in verification tasks: processing the sentence and verifying its truth value. To quantify the relative contribution of each, we used a delayed verification task.…
Descriptors: Sentence Structure, Task Analysis, Language Processing, Short Term Memory
Dann, Kelly M.; Veldre, Aaron; Andrews, Sally – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Much of the evidence for morphological decomposition accounts of complex word identification has relied on the masked-priming paradigm. However, morphologically complex words are typically encountered in sentence contexts and processing begins before a word is fixated, when it is in the parafovea. To evaluate whether the single word-identification…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Morphemes, Priming, Word Recognition
Chamberlain, Jenna M.; Gagné, Christina L.; Spalding, Thomas L.; Lõo, Kaidi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Three experiments using a spelling error detection task investigated the extent to which morphemes and pseudomorphemes affect word processing. We compared the processing of transparent compound words (e.g., doorbell), pseudocompound words (e.g., carpet), and matched control words (e.g., tomato). In half of the compound and pseudocompound words,…
Descriptors: Spelling, Error Patterns, Task Analysis, Morphology (Languages)
Szewczyk, Jakub M.; Wodniecka, Zofia – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
One of the most compelling pieces of evidence for the presence of predictions in language comprehension comes from event-related potential (ERP) studies which show that encountering an adjective whose gender marking is inconsistent with that of a highly expectable noun leads to an effect at the adjective. Until now the mechanism underlying this…
Descriptors: Prediction, Language Processing, Grammar, Native Speakers
Vilkaite-Lozdiene, Laura – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
There are numerous studies showing processing advantages for collocations, but none of them so far takes into account the fact that the morphological form of a collocation varies to fit the context. Questions whether collocations retain their processing advantage when their morphological form changes and how or if different morphological forms of…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Morphology (Languages), Eye Movements, Language Processing
Contreras-Saavedra, Carla E.; Willmes, Klaus; Koch, Iring; Schuch, Stefanie; Philipp, Andrea M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
The aim of the present study was to examine the interplay of morphological configuration switching and language switching. The morphological configuration is present in word-formation whenever a word contains more than one free morpheme. The morphological configuration is variable both within and between languages for example in two-digit number…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Code Switching (Language), Morphemes, German
Schuster, Swetlana; Lahiri, Aditi – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
On the evidence of four lexical-decision tasks in German, we examine speakers' sensitivity to internal morphological composition and abstract morphological rules during the processing of derived words, real and novel. In a lexical-decision task with delayed priming, speakers were presented with two-step derived nouns such as "Heilung…
Descriptors: German, Morphology (Languages), Decision Making, Task Analysis
Heyselaar, Evelien; Wheeldon, Linda; Segaert, Katrien – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Structural priming is the tendency to repeat syntactic structure across sentences and can be divided into short-term (prime to immediately following target) and long-term (across an experimental session) components. This study investigates how nondeclarative memory could support both the transient, short-term and the persistent, long-term…
Descriptors: Priming, Memory, Short Term Memory, Perception
Beyersmann, Elisabeth; Grainger, Jonathan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Recent research investigating embedded stem priming effects with the masked priming paradigm and pseudoword primes (e.g., "quickify"--"quick") has shown that priming effects can be obtained even when the embedded target word is followed by a non-morphological ending (e.g., "quickald"--"quick"). Here we…
Descriptors: Morphemes, Morphology (Languages), Language Processing, Semantics
Gagné, Christina L.; Spalding, Thomas L. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
We used a typing task to measure the written production of compounds, pseudocompounds, and monomorphemic words on a letter-by-letter basis to determine whether written production (as measured by interletter typing speed) was affected by morphemic structure and semantic transparency of the constituents. Semantic transparency was analyzed using a…
Descriptors: Morphology (Languages), Morphemes, Semantics, Keyboarding (Data Entry)
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