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Williams, Christopher R.; Cook, Anne E.; O'Brien, Edward J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The RI-Val model of comprehension includes a validation process in which linkages formed by integration are matched against active memory. In five experiments, we investigated factors that influence validation. Reading times were measured on target sentences that contained either correct information or semantically related, but incorrect content.…
Descriptors: Semantics, Memory, Reading Rate, Sentences
Kuperman, Victor; Matsuki, Kazunaga; Van Dyke, Julie A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The present research presents a novel method for investigating how characteristics of texts (words, sentences, and passages) and individuals (verbal and general cognitive skills) jointly influence eye-movement patterns over the time-course of reading, as well as comprehension accuracy. Fifty-one proficient readers read passages of varying…
Descriptors: Reader Text Relationship, Eye Movements, Oral Reading, Reading Tests
Bott, Lewis; Rees, Alice; Frisson, Steven – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Metonymic words have multiple related meanings, such as "college", as in the building ("John walked into the college") or the educational institution ("John was promoted by the college"). Most researchers have found support for direct access models of metonymy but one recent study, Lowder and Gordon (2013), found…
Descriptors: Reading Processes, Reading Rate, Ambiguity (Semantics), Accuracy
Unsworth, Nash; McMillan, Brittany D. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Individual differences in mind wandering and reading comprehension were examined in the current study. In particular, individual differences in mind wandering, working memory capacity, interest in the current topic, motivation to do well on the task, and topic experience and their relations with reading comprehension were examined in the current…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Short Term Memory, Interests, Motivation
Patson, Nikole D.; Darowski, Emily S.; Moon, Nicole; Ferreira, Fernanda – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Using a forced-choice question-answering paradigm, K. Christianson, A. Hollingworth, J. F. Halliwell, and F. Ferreira (2001) showed that the original misinterpretation built during the analysis of a garden-path sentence lingers even after reanalysis has occurred. However, their methodology has been questioned (R. P. G. van Gompel, M. J. Pickering,…
Descriptors: Sentences, Sentence Structure, Methods, Verbs
Libben, Maya R.; Titone, Debra A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
Current models of bilingualism (e.g., BIA+) posit that lexical access during reading is not language selective. However, much of this research is based on the comprehension of words in isolation. The authors investigated whether nonselective access occurs for words embedded in biased sentence contexts (e.g., A. I. Schwartz & J. F. Kroll,…
Descriptors: Sentences, Semantics, Eye Movements, Human Body
Zwaan, Rolf A.; Madden, Carol J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2004
The authors examined how situation models are updated during text comprehension. If comprehenders keep track of the evolving situation, they should update their models such that the most current information, the here and now, is more available than outdated information. Contrary to this updating hypothesis, E. J. O'Brien, M. L. Rizzella, J. E.…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Reading Tests, Models, Memory
Frank, Stefan L.; Koppen, Mathieu; Noordman, Leo G. M.; Vonk, Wietske – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2005
T. Trabasso and J. Bartolone (see record 2003-07955-016) used a computational model of narrative text comprehension to account for empirical findings. The authors show that the same predictions are obtained without running the model. This is caused by the model's computational setup, which leaves most of the model's input unchanged.
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Prediction, Models, Computation
Jahn, Georg – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2004
In 4 experiments, the author explored the spontaneous construction of spatial situation models during discourse comprehension by using the sentence-recognition paradigm of J. D. Bransford, J. R. Barclay, and J. J. Franks (1972). In Experiment 1, signaling causal relevance of spatial relations was a necessary precondition for replicating their…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Sentences, Reading Comprehension, Psychological Studies

Schwanenflugel, Paula J.; Shoben, Edward J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1983
Three experiments tested contrasting predictions of a dual-representation theory and a context availability model of concreteness effects in verbal processing. Without context, reading times/lexical decision times for abstract sentences/words were longer than for concrete sentences/words. Rated context availability was a good predictor of reaction…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Context Clues, Higher Education, Models

Daneman, Meredyth; Carpenter, Patricia A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1983
Individual differences in working memory capacity affect the probability of resolving apparent inconsistencies in sentences. Resolution was less likely for readers with small working memories. Such readers devote so many resources to reading processes that they have less capacity for retaining earlier verbatim wording in working memory. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Higher Education, Individual Differences, Models