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Dahwi Ahn; Jason C. K. Chan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Testing can potentiate new learning, which is often called the "forward testing effect." One potential explanation for this benefit is that testing might enable participants to use more effective learning strategies subsequently. We investigated this possibility by asking participants to report their encoding strategies in a multi-list…
Descriptors: Testing, Second Language Learning, Cognitive Processes, Chinese
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Wei, Hang; Boland, Julie E.; Cai, Zhenguang G.; Yuan, Fang; Wang, Min – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
We report 2 self-paced reading experiments investigating the longevity of structural priming effects in comprehending reduced relative clauses among adult Chinese-speaking learners of English. Experiment 1 showed that structural priming occurred both when prime and target sentences were immediately adjacent and when they were separated by 1 or 2…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Priming, Second Language Learning, Phrase Structure
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Li, Xiangqian; Li, Bingxin; Liu, Xuhong; Lages, Martin; Stoet, Gijsbert – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
In experiments with univalent target stimuli, task-switching costs can be eliminated if participants are unaware of the task rules and apply cue-target-response associations. However, in experiments with bivalent target stimuli, participants show task-switching costs. Participants may exhibit switch costs even when no task rules are provided in…
Descriptors: Chinese, Second Language Learning, Cues, Task Analysis
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Bassetti, Bene – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Second languages (L2s) are often learned through spoken and written input, and L2 orthographic forms (spellings) can lead to non-native-like pronunciation. The present study investigated whether orthography can lead experienced learners of English[subscript L2] to make a phonological contrast in their speech production that does not exist in…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, English (Second Language), Native Speakers, Italian
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Pelham, Sabra D.; Abrams, Lise – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Previous research has documented advantages and disadvantages of early bilinguals, defined as learning a 2nd language by school age and using both languages since that time. Relative to monolinguals, early bilinguals manifest deficits in lexical access but benefits in executive function. We investigated whether becoming bilingual "after"…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Bilingualism, Age Differences, Monolingualism