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Liefooghe, Baptist; Hughes, Sean; Schmidt, James R.; De Houwer, Jan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
Automaticity can be established by consistently reinforcing contingencies during practice. During reinforcement learning, however, new relations can also be derived, which were never directly reinforced. For instance, reinforcing the overlapping contingencies A [right arrow] B and A [right arrow] C, can lead to a new relation B-C, which was never…
Descriptors: Reinforcement, Visual Stimuli, Interference (Learning), Reaction Time
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Wang, Benchi; Cao, Xiaohua; Theeuwes, Jan; Olivers, Christian N. L.; Wang, Zhiguo – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2017
Recent empirical and theoretical work suggests that visual features such as color and orientation can be stored or retrieved independently in visual working memory (VWM), even in cases when they belong to the same object. Yet it remains unclear whether different feature dimensions have their own capacity limits, or whether they compete for shared…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Short Term Memory, Experiments, Memorization
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Mitterer, Holger; Horschig, Jorn M.; Musseler, Jochen; Majid, Asifa – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2009
World knowledge influences how we perceive the world. This study shows that this influence is at least partly mediated by declarative memory. Dutch and German participants categorized hues from a yellow-to-orange continuum on stimuli that were prototypically orange or yellow and that were also associated with these color labels. Both groups gave…
Descriptors: Memory, German, Foreign Countries, Visual Perception