This study investigated the role of strategy instruction and working memory capacity (WMC) on word problem solving accuracy in children with (n = 100) and without (n = 92) math difficulties (MD). Within classrooms, children in Grades 2 and 3 were randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions: verbal-only strategies (e.g., underlining…

Children with nonverbal learning disabilities (NVLD) have been found to be worse at recognizing facial expressions than children with verbal learning disabilities (LD) and without LD. However, little research has been done with adolescents. In addition, expressing and understanding facial expressions is yet to be studied among adolescents with LD…

Analogical reasoning--perceiving similarities in different situations and the transfer of such information--facilitates learning and understanding. However, children with learning disabilities (LD) typically demonstrate deficits in such information processing strategies. In this study, we investigated the analogical problem-solving differences…

The ability of learning disabled children to process, retain, and retrieve verbal information was investigated within a series of information-processing tasks, revealing that both the rate and level at which Ss processed information were below the standards set by normal reading contemporaries. (Author/CL)

An intervening variable between perceptual deficits and academic learning--verbal mediation processes--is explored. Research reviewed, primarily that of A. Luria, leads to the conclusion that verbal mediational processes can compensate for perceptual learning process deficits. Relevant teaching applications are discussed. (Author)

Three groups of 34 learning disabled children (12 to 16 years old) and one control group of normal readers were asked to retain verbal material across distrator intervals ranging from 9 to 24 seconds. LD children's retention of verbal material is more susceptible to interference from similar material than normals. (Author)

This study involving 38 normally achieving fourth and fifth grade children confirmed previous studies indicating that both spatial-simultaneous (in which perceived stimuli are totally available at one point in time) and verbal-successive (information is presented in serial order) cognitive processing are important in normal learning. (DB)

A learning disability index (LDI) based on a principal components analysis of the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised normative data has been developed to depict verbal or nonverbal deficits on that test. Ss (N=1550) referred for educational difficulties returned mean scores on the LDI that were reliably different from expected scores…

Two groups of children (ages 8 and 12) with reading disabilities and verbal deficits were given a memory-for-colors task designed to evaluate intra- and intermodal serial memory functioning. Results suggest developmental differences in relative influence of specific modalities in immediate memory functions, but emphasize intramodal verbal factors…

Studies involving 30 learning-disabled elementary students support the contention that reading comprehension difficulties among learning-disabled children are partly due to inefficient memorization strategies, and demonstrate the efficacy of practical, cost-effective mnemonic training procedures which significantly increase reading comprehension…

Twenty-three impulsive, high-active first graders were trained to verbally mediate responses on a multiple choice task. (Author/CL)

Six adolescents with learning disabilities participated in an eight-step cognitive strategy designed to enable students to read, understand, carry out, and check verbal math problems encountered in the general math secondary curriculum. Visual analysis of the data indicated the strategy was an effective intervention for Ss with deficits in verbal…

Evaluation of simultaneous and successive information processing skills, language and reading processes, and reading achievement of 105 reading disabled children (ages 7 to 15 years) indicated that subjects tended to employ simultaneous processing in reading tasks normally requiring successive processing. (Author/DB)

A study examined the effects of overt phonologic impairment on the phonological awareness, verbal working memory, and letter knowledge of 29 children with phonologic impairment and 16 controls (ages 3-6). Children with phonologic impairment performed significantly worse on tasks of verbal working memory, phoneme segmentation, and letter…

The article examines the subgroup (15-20 percent) of learning disabled children who have problems with immediate verbatim recall of sequences of verbal information. Processing inefficiency in coding phonological language features leads to academic deficiencies in fluent word identification and word analysis skills. (Author/DB)