In language use, redundant linguistic items are reduced in size, replaced with a proform or left out. This paper examines the nature of the processes involved and the conditions under which they operate. (CHK)

Surveys trends in linguistic thought over the past 50 years, with particular reference to structuralism and generative grammar. (AM)

According to Cowan, an underground rule is one that affects underlying but not surface structure of the item responsible for a phonological change. (DD)

This paper concerns the theory of systemic grammar developed by Halliday, Hudson and others. It suggests modifications of Hudson's generative version, and the model presented resembles transformational grammar. (CHK)

Revised version of an inaugural lecture at Ohio State University, November 29, 1971; research supported by the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. (DD)

Compares two analyses of a verb phrase deletion in a particular English sentence with a third analysis and shows that the analysis that takes the word "would" in the sentence as a proform has significant advantages over the analysis that posits a deletion site after "would." (SED)

Research supported by the Contrastive Semantics Project at the University of California, Berkeley. (DD)