Analysis of a study of 16 businesses that recently internationalized identified five stages of the process: aspirational, procedural, behavioral, interactional, and conceptual. Needs for management learning varied with each stage, mostly involving tacit knowledge; reflective, action-oriented approaches; and generative double-loop learning. (SK)

Survey responses from 156 middle managers in an organization identified the skills needed for the job and their skill level in personal communication, conflict resolution, leadership, consulting, and facilitating. The study identified strengths and weaknesses of the needs assessment process and resulted in recommendations for a…

Results of interviews with 15 women executives were compared to a 1978 study. Socialization and skill development remain important management training needs, but there is less concern now for training about stereotyping. The importance of communication, networking, power, and politics increased substantially, indicating areas where significant…