Data from 204 young physicians (147 men, 57 women) revealed that parenthood significantly reduced women's, but not men's, practice hours. No significant gender differences existed for nonparents. Gaps between ideal and actual practice hours were smaller for mothers than for other groups, suggesting that mothers were more satisfied than other…

Used 1977 Quality of Employment Survey data to examine work-time preferences of 224 dual-earner couples with children. Gender was significantly related to work-hour preferences for both self and spouse, with wish of wives to work fewer hours endorsed by husbands. Actual work time and gender interacted such that mothers working full-time preferred…

Investigated factors associated with amount of time children spend in self-care among 1,194 mothers of latchkey children. Found that children's age and mother's hours per week of paid employment were significantly related to greater use of self-care arrangements. Mother's frequency of attendance at religious services was related to lesser use of…

Reveals a high prevalence of shift work among mothers aged 18 to 44 with a preschool-aged child. Marital status is found to be a determinant of shift-work status for full-timers. Examines the relationship between shift-work status and child-care use showing primary reliance on father care for mothers employed non-days. (Author/ABB)

Examined relationships between work role characteristics, family structure demands, and work/family conflict, using data from 757 married men and 270 married women. Found that amount and scheduling of work time, job demands, and presence of children in home were related to work/family conflict. Work role characteristics and family structure…

Examined married dual-earner parents of children under five years old who participated in 1984 wave of National Longitudinal Survey of Labor Market Experience, Youth Cohort. Found that reliance on spouses for child care when dual-earner couples were employed was much higher when respondents worked non-days rather than days. Found high rate of…

Uses national survey data to estimate three dimensions of the family work day: (1) total daily work time; (2) time at least one spouse is at work; and (3) time only one spouse is at work. Indicates how the presence of children affects arrangements of the family work day. (JAC)

Examined survey data on 1,452 families to determine influences of employment schedules on paternal child care. When fathers worked different hours than their wives, fathers were consistently most likely to take care of their youngest child. Only one employment aspect--time of day--affected fathers' capacity to respond to child care. (RJM)

Examined 314 dual-earner couples in West Germany to assess how each spouse's role strain and wife's work hours were related to life outlook, marital interaction, and family conflict. Found husband's perceptions of his life unrelated to wife's level of strain, while wife's perceptions of marital interaction and family conflict were associated with…

Analyzed the housework time of 1,618 White couples. Found that the salience of work and family roles in the family life cycle affected the respective amounts of time that spouses allocated to household labor. Women spent less time in housework before and after childbearing stages, and husbands spent more time in domestic labor during periods of…

Evaluates the extent to which differences in the economic well-being of Latino and non-Latino white children reside in divergent parental work patterns and/or family living arrangement. Results indicate that group differences in family structure undermine efforts to eliminate racial and ethnic inequalities in children's economic well-being. (RJM)

Interviewed a national panel of 1,668 married women and men in 1980 and 1983 to assess effects of shift work on 6 measures of marital quality (marital happiness, interaction, disagreements, general problems, sexual problems, and child-related problems) and probability of divorce. Results suggested that shift work has a modest but general adverse…