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Mulligan, Neil W.; Picklesimer, Milton – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Dual-process models differentiate between two bases of memory, recollection and familiarity. It is routinely claimed that deeper, semantic encoding enhances recollection relative to shallow, non-semantic encoding, and that recollection is largely a product of semantic, elaborative rehearsal. The present experiments show that this is not always the…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Semantics, Computational Linguistics, Familiarity
Emmorey, Karen; Petrich, Jennifer A. F.; Gollan, Tamar H. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Bilinguals who are fluent in American Sign Language (ASL) and English often produce "code-blends"--simultaneously articulating a sign and a word while conversing with other ASL-English bilinguals. To investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying code-blend processing, we compared picture-naming times (Experiment 1) and semantic categorization…
Descriptors: Speech, Language Processing, American Sign Language, Semantics
Yap, Melvin J.; Balota, David A. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2009
The visual word recognition literature has been dominated by the study of "monosyllabic" words in factorial experiments, computational models, and megastudies. However, it is not yet clear whether the behavioral effects reported for monosyllabic words generalize reliably to "multisyllabic" words. Hierarchical regression techniques were used to…
Descriptors: Semantics, Word Recognition, Word Frequency, Models
Budd, Mary-Jane; Hanley, J. Richard; Griffiths, Yvonne – Journal of Memory and Language, 2011
This study investigated whether Foygel and Dell's (2000) interactive two-step model of speech production could simulate the number and type of errors made in picture-naming by 68 children of elementary-school age. Results showed that the model provided a satisfactory simulation of the mean error profile of children aged five, six, seven, eight and…
Descriptors: Speech, Phonology, Semantics, Children
Nozari, Nazbanou; Kittredge, Audrey K.; Dell, Gary S.; Schwartz, Myrna F. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2010
This paper investigates the cognitive processes underlying picture naming and auditory word repetition. In the two-step model of lexical access, both the semantic and phonological steps are involved in naming, but the former has no role in repetition. Assuming recognition of the to-be-repeated word, repetition could consist of retrieving the…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Phonology, Semantics, Aphasia
Woollams, Anna M.; Joanisse, Marc; Patterson, Karalyn – Journal of Memory and Language, 2009
The standard task used to study inflectional processing of verbs involves presentation of the stem form from which the participant is asked to generate the past tense. This task reveals a processing disadvantage for irregular relative to regular English verbs, more pronounced for lower-frequency items. Dual- and single-mechanism theories of…
Descriptors: Semantics, Verbs, Morphology (Languages), Morphemes
Cortese, Michael J.; Khanna, Maya M.; White, Katherine K.; Veljkovic, Ilija; Drumm, Geoffery – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
Using the DRM paradigm, our experiments examined the activation and monitoring of memories in semantic and phonological networks. Participants viewed lists of words and/or pseudohomophones (e.g., "dreem"). In Experiment 1, participants verbally recalled lists of semantic associates or attempted to write them as they appeared during study. False…
Descriptors: Phonology, Semantics, Semiotics, Cognitive Processes
Jefferies, Elizabeth; Hoffman, Paul; Jones, Roy; Lambon Ralph, Matthew A. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
This study presents the first direct comparison of immediate serial recall in semantic dementia (SD) and transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA). Previous studies of the effect of semantic impairment on verbal short-term memory (STM) have led to important theoretical advances. However, different conclusions have been drawn from these two groups. This…
Descriptors: Phonemes, Phonology, Semantics, Dementia
Merriman, William E.; Lipko, Amanda R. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2008
Preschool-age children were hypothesized to use one of two criteria, cue recognition or target generation, to make several linguistic judgments. When deciding whether a word is one they know, for example, some were expected to consider whether they recognized its sound form (cue recognition), whereas others were expected to consider whether a…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Metalinguistics, Semantics, Familiarity
A Case-Series Test of the Interactive Two-Step Model of Lexical Access: Evidence from Picture Naming
Schwartz, Myrna F.; Dell, Gary S.; Martin, Nadine; Gahl, Susanne; Sobel, Paula – Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
Many facts about aphasic and nonaphasic naming are explained by models that use spreading activation to map from the semantics of a word to its phonology. The implemented model of picture naming discussed here achieves this by coupling interactive feedback with two selection steps. The model's structure and default parameters were set up to match…
Descriptors: Semantics, Phonology, Aphasia, Case Studies
Huettig, Falk; McQueen, James M. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2007
Experiments 1 and 2 examined the time-course of retrieval of phonological, visual-shape and semantic knowledge as Dutch participants listened to sentences and looked at displays of four pictures. Given a sentence with "beker," "beaker," for example, the display contained phonological (a beaver, "bever"), shape (a…
Descriptors: Semantics, Visual Environment, Sentences, Attention
Sprenger, Simone A.; Levelt, Willem J. M.; Kempen, Gerard – Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
In three experiments we test the assumption that idioms have their own lexical entry, which is linked to its constituent lemmas (Cutting & Bock, 1997). Speakers produced idioms or literal phrases (Experiment 1), completed idioms (Experiment 2), or switched between idiom completion and naming (Experiment 3). The results of Experiment 1 show that…
Descriptors: Semantics, Language Patterns, Figurative Language, Phrase Structure
Jefferies, Elizabeth; Frankish, Clive R.; Ralph, Matthew A. Lambon – Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
Semantic dementia patients make numerous phoneme migration errors in their immediate serial recall of poorly comprehended words. In this study, similar errors were induced in the word recall of healthy participants by presenting unpredictable mixed lists of words and nonwords. This technique revealed that lexicality, word frequency, imageability,…
Descriptors: Semantics, Phonemes, Short Term Memory, Language Impairments
Allen, Richard; Hulme, Charles – Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
We report two experiments examining the role of concreteness and word phonological neighborhood characteristics on immediate serial recall. In line with previous findings concreteness, word frequency, and larger neighborhood size are associated with better serial recall. Both concreteness and word neighborhood size were also positively associated…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Language Processing, Recall (Psychology), Word Frequency
Slevc, L. Robert; Ferreira, Victor S. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2006
The "perceptual loop theory" of speech monitoring (Levelt, 1983) claims that inner and overt speech are monitored by the comprehension system, which detects errors by comparing the comprehension of formulated utterances to originally intended utterances. To test the perceptual loop monitor, speakers named pictures and sometimes attempted to halt…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Inner Speech (Subvocal), Phonology, Semantics
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